android断点下载详解手机开发

断点下载往往用在大文件的下载过程中,如传统的迅雷下载用的就是断点下载技术,说起来原理比较简单:对文件进行分片,并对分片的文件进行标记,然后分片下载,下载完成后对数据流进行重组,写到本地文件。如果涉及到多线程问题,还会涉及到数据的存取操作。为了更加方便的讲解断点下载的原理,我们这里暂时不考虑断点续传问题,及数据库问题。首先来看一一个多线程下载的例子。

多线程下载

这里写图片描述

我们先看一下单个线程的下载逻辑:
SmartDownloadThread.java

 
import java.io.File;   
import java.io.InputStream;   
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;   
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;   
import java.net.URL;   
 
import android.util.Log;   
 
/**  
 * 线程下载  
 * @author Administrator  
 *   
 */   
public class SmartDownloadThread extends Thread {   
    private static final String TAG = "SmartDownloadThread";   
    private File saveFile;   
    private URL downUrl;   
    private int block;   
    /*  *下载开始位置 */   
    private int threadId = -1;   
    private int downLength;   
    private boolean finish = false;   
    private SmartFileDownloader downloader;   
 
    public SmartDownloadThread(SmartFileDownloader downloader, URL downUrl,   
            File saveFile, int block, int downLength, int threadId) {   
        this.downUrl = downUrl;   
        this.saveFile = saveFile;   
        this.block = block;   
        this.downloader = downloader;   
        this.threadId = threadId;   
        this.downLength = downLength;   
    }   
 
    @Override   
    public void run() {   
        if (downLength < block) {// 未下载完成   
            try {   
                HttpURLConnection http = (HttpURLConnection) downUrl   
                        .openConnection();   
                http.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);   
                http.setRequestMethod("GET");   
                http.setRequestProperty("Accept","image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");   
                http.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");   
                http.setRequestProperty("Referer", downUrl.toString());   
                http.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");   
                int startPos = block * (threadId - 1) + downLength;// 开始位置   
                int endPos = block * threadId - 1;// 结束位置   
                http.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes=" + startPos + "-" + endPos);// 设置获取实体数据的范围   
                http.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");   
                http.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");   
 
                InputStream inStream = http.getInputStream();   
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];   
                int offset = 0;   
                print("Thread " + this.threadId + " start download from position " + startPos);   
                RandomAccessFile threadfile = new RandomAccessFile(this.saveFile, "rwd");   
                threadfile.seek(startPos);   
                while ((offset = inStream.read(buffer, 0, 1024)) != -1) {   
                    threadfile.write(buffer, 0, offset);   
                    downLength += offset;   
                    downloader.update(this.threadId, downLength);   
                    downloader.saveLogFile();   
                    downloader.append(offset);   
                }   
                threadfile.close();   
                inStream.close();   
                print("Thread " + this.threadId + " download finish");   
                this.finish = true;   
            } catch (Exception e) {   
                this.downLength = -1;   
                print("Thread " + this.threadId + ":" + e);   
            }   
        }   
    }   
 
    private static void print(String msg) {   
        Log.i(TAG, msg);   
    }   
 
    /**   
     * 下载是否完成   
     * @return   
     */   
    public boolean isFinish() {   
        return finish;   
    }   
 
    /**  
     * 已经下载的内容大小  
     * @return 如果返回值为-1,代表下载失败  
     */   
    public long getDownLength() {   
        return downLength;   
    }   
} 

然后在看一下多个线程下载。
SmartFileDownloader.java

import java.io.File;   
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;   
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;   
import java.net.URL;   
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;   
import java.util.Map;   
import java.util.UUID;   
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;   
import java.util.regex.Matcher;   
import java.util.regex.Pattern;   
 
import com.hao.db.DownloadFileService;   
 
import android.content.Context;   
import android.util.Log;   
 
/**  
 * 文件下载主程序  
 * @author Administrator  
 *   
 */   
public class SmartFileDownloader {   
    private static final String TAG = "SmartFileDownloader";   
    private Context context;   
    private DownloadFileService fileService;   
    /* 已下载文件长度 */   
    private int downloadSize = 0;   
    /* 原始文件长度 */   
    private int fileSize = 0;   
    /*原始文件名*/   
    private String fileName;   
    /* 线程数 */   
    private SmartDownloadThread[] threads;   
    /* 本地保存文件 */   
    private File saveFile;   
    /* 缓存各线程下载的长度 */   
    private Map<Integer, Integer> data = new ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, Integer>();   
    /* 每条线程下载的长度 */   
    private int block;   
    /* 下载路径 */   
    private String downloadUrl;   
 
    /**  
     * 获取文件名  
     */   
    public String getFileName(){   
        return this.fileName;   
    }   
    /**  
     * 获取线程数  
     */   
    public int getThreadSize() {   
        return threads.length;   
    }   
 
    /**  
     * 获取文件大小  
     * @return  
     */   
    public int getFileSize() {   
        return fileSize;   
    }   
 
    /**  
     * 累计已下载大小  
     * @param size  
     */   
    protected synchronized void append(int size) {   
        downloadSize += size;   
    }   
 
    /**  
     * 更新指定线程最后下载的位置  
     * @param threadId 线程id  
     * @param pos 最后下载的位置  
     */   
    protected void update(int threadId, int pos) {   
        this.data.put(threadId, pos);   
    }   
 
    /**  
     * 保存记录文件  
     */   
    protected synchronized void saveLogFile() {   
        this.fileService.update(this.downloadUrl, this.data);   
    }   
 
    /**  
     * 构建文件下载器  
     * @param downloadUrl 下载路径  
     * @param fileSaveDir 文件保存目录  
     * @param threadNum 下载线程数  
     */   
    public SmartFileDownloader(Context context, String downloadUrl,   
            File fileSaveDir, int threadNum) {   
        try {   
            this.context = context;   
            this.downloadUrl = downloadUrl;   
            fileService = new DownloadFileService(this.context);   
            URL url = new URL(this.downloadUrl);   
            if (!fileSaveDir.exists()) fileSaveDir.mkdirs();   
            this.threads = new SmartDownloadThread[threadNum];   
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();   
            conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);   
            conn.setRequestMethod("GET");   
            conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");   
            conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");   
            conn.setRequestProperty("Referer", downloadUrl);   
            conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");   
            conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");   
            conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");   
            conn.connect();   
            printResponseHeader(conn);   
            if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {   
                this.fileSize = conn.getContentLength();// 根据响应获取文件大小   
                if (this.fileSize <= 0)   
                    throw new RuntimeException("Unkown file size ");   
 
                fileName = getFileName(conn);   
                this.saveFile = new File(fileSaveDir, fileName);/* 保存文件 */   
                Map<Integer, Integer> logdata = fileService.getData(downloadUrl);   
                if (logdata.size() > 0) {   
                    for (Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> entry : logdata.entrySet())   
                        data.put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());   
                }   
                //划分每个线程下载文件长度   
                this.block = (this.fileSize % this.threads.length) == 0 ? this.fileSize / this.threads.length   
                        : this.fileSize / this.threads.length + 1;   
                if (this.data.size() == this.threads.length) {   
                    for (int i = 0; i < this.threads.length; i++) {   
                        this.downloadSize += this.data.get(i + 1);   
                    }   
                    print("已经下载的长度" + this.downloadSize);   
                }   
            } else {   
                throw new RuntimeException("server no response ");   
            }   
        } catch (Exception e) {   
            print(e.toString());   
            throw new RuntimeException("don't connection this url");   
        }   
    }   
 
    /**  
     * 获取文件名  
     */   
    private String getFileName(HttpURLConnection conn) {   
        String filename = this.downloadUrl.substring(this.downloadUrl.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);//链接的最后一个/就是文件名   
        if (filename == null || "".equals(filename.trim())) {// 如果获取不到文件名称   
            for (int i = 0;; i++) {   
                String mine = conn.getHeaderField(i);   
                print("ConnHeader:"+mine+" ");   
                if (mine == null)   
                    break;   
                if ("content-disposition".equals(conn.getHeaderFieldKey(i).toLowerCase())) {   
                    Matcher m = Pattern.compile(".*filename=(.*)").matcher(mine.toLowerCase());   
                    if (m.find())   
                        return m.group(1);   
                }   
            }   
            filename = UUID.randomUUID() + ".tmp";// 默认取一个文件名   
        }   
        return filename;   
    }   
 
    /**  
     * 开始下载文件  
     *   
     * @param listener  
     *            监听下载数量的变化,如果不需要了解实时下载的数量,可以设置为null  
     * @return 已下载文件大小  
     * @throws Exception  
     */   
    public int download(SmartDownloadProgressListener listener)   
            throws Exception {   
        try {   
            RandomAccessFile randOut = new RandomAccessFile(this.saveFile, "rw");   
            if (this.fileSize > 0)   
                randOut.setLength(this.fileSize);   
            randOut.close();   
            URL url = new URL(this.downloadUrl);   
            if (this.data.size() != this.threads.length) {   
                this.data.clear();// 清除数据   
                for (int i = 0; i < this.threads.length; i++) {   
                    this.data.put(i + 1, 0);   
                }   
            }   
            for (int i = 0; i < this.threads.length; i++) {   
                int downLength = this.data.get(i + 1);   
                if (downLength < this.block && this.downloadSize < this.fileSize) { // 该线程未完成下载时,继续下载   
                    this.threads[i] = new SmartDownloadThread(this, url,   
                            this.saveFile, this.block, this.data.get(i + 1), i + 1);   
                    this.threads[i].setPriority(7);   
                    this.threads[i].start();   
                } else {   
                    this.threads[i] = null;   
                }   
            }   
            this.fileService.save(this.downloadUrl, this.data);   
            boolean notFinish = true;// 下载未完成   
            while (notFinish) {// 循环判断是否下载完毕   
                Thread.sleep(900);   
                notFinish = false;// 假定下载完成   
                for (int i = 0; i < this.threads.length; i++) {   
                    if (this.threads[i] != null && !this.threads[i].isFinish()) {   
                        notFinish = true;// 下载没有完成   
                        if (this.threads[i].getDownLength() == -1) {// 如果下载失败,再重新下载   
                            this.threads[i] = new SmartDownloadThread(this,   
                                    url, this.saveFile, this.block, this.data.get(i + 1), i + 1);   
                            this.threads[i].setPriority(7);   
                            this.threads[i].start();   
                        }   
                    }   
                }   
                if (listener != null)   
                    listener.onDownloadSize(this.downloadSize);   
            }   
            fileService.delete(this.downloadUrl);   
        } catch (Exception e) {   
            print(e.toString());   
            throw new Exception("file download fail");   
        }   
        return this.downloadSize;   
    }   
 
    /**  
     * 获取Http响应头字段  
     *   
     * @param http  
     * @return  
     */   
    public static Map<String, String> getHttpResponseHeader(   
            HttpURLConnection http) {   
        Map<String, String> header = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();   
        for (int i = 0;; i++) {   
            String mine = http.getHeaderField(i);   
            if (mine == null)   
                break;   
            header.put(http.getHeaderFieldKey(i), mine);   
        }   
        return header;   
    }   
 
    /**  
     * 打印Http头字段  
     *   
     * @param http  
     */   
    public static void printResponseHeader(HttpURLConnection http) {   
        Map<String, String> header = getHttpResponseHeader(http);   
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : header.entrySet()) {   
            String key = entry.getKey() != null ? entry.getKey() + ":" : "";   
            print(key + entry.getValue());   
        }   
    }   
 
    // 打印日志   
    private static void print(String msg) {   
        Log.i(TAG, msg);   
    }   
 
    public interface SmartDownloadProgressListener {   
        public void onDownloadSize(int size);   
    }   
}  

最后是对下载的文件进行组装。
DownloadActivity.java

import java.io.File;   
 
import com.hao.R;   
import com.hao.R.id;   
import com.hao.R.layout;   
import com.hao.download.SmartFileDownloader;   
import com.hao.download.SmartFileDownloader.SmartDownloadProgressListener;   
import com.hao.util.ConstantValues;   
 
import android.app.Activity;   
import android.os.Bundle;   
import android.os.Environment;   
import android.os.Handler;   
import android.os.Message;   
import android.view.View;   
import android.widget.Button;   
import android.widget.ProgressBar;   
import android.widget.TextView;   
import android.widget.Toast;   
 
/**  
 *   
 * @author Administrator  
 *   
 */   
public class SmartDownloadActivity extends Activity {   
    private ProgressBar downloadbar;   
    private TextView resultView;   
    private String path = ConstantValues.DOWNLOAD_URL;   
    SmartFileDownloader loader;   
    private Handler handler = new Handler() {   
        @Override   
        // 信息   
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {   
            switch (msg.what) {   
            case 1:   
                int size = msg.getData().getInt("size");   
                downloadbar.setProgress(size);   
                float result = (float) downloadbar.getProgress() / (float) downloadbar.getMax();   
                int p = (int) (result * 100);   
                resultView.setText(p + "%");   
                if (downloadbar.getProgress() == downloadbar.getMax())   
                    Toast.makeText(SmartDownloadActivity.this, "下载成功", 1).show();   
                break;   
            case -1:   
                Toast.makeText(SmartDownloadActivity.this, msg.getData().getString("error"), 1).show();   
                break;   
            }   
 
        }   
    };   
 
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {   
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);   
        setContentView(R.layout.download);   
 
        Button button = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button);   
        Button closeConn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.closeConn);   
        closeConn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {   
 
            @Override   
            public void onClick(View v) {   
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub   
                if(loader != null){   
                    finish();   
                }else{   
                    Toast.makeText(SmartDownloadActivity.this, "还没有开始下载,不能暂停", 1).show();   
                }   
            }   
        });   
        downloadbar = (ProgressBar) this.findViewById(R.id.downloadbar);   
        resultView = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.result);   
        resultView.setText(path);   
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {   
            @Override   
            public void onClick(View v) {   
                if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {   
                    download(path, ConstantValues.FILE_PATH);   
                } else {   
                    Toast.makeText(SmartDownloadActivity.this, "没有SDCard", 1).show();   
                }   
            }   
        });   
    }   
 
    // 对于UI控件的更新只能由主线程(UI线程)负责,如果在非UI线程更新UI控件,更新的结果不会反映在屏幕上,某些控件还会出错   
    private void download(final String path, final File dir) {   
        new Thread(new Runnable() {   
            @Override   
            public void run() {   
                try {   
                    loader = new SmartFileDownloader(SmartDownloadActivity.this, path, dir, 3);   
                    int length = loader.getFileSize();// 获取文件的长度   
                    downloadbar.setMax(length);   
                    loader.download(new SmartDownloadProgressListener() {   
                        @Override   
                        public void onDownloadSize(int size) {// 可以实时得到文件下载的长度   
                            Message msg = new Message();   
                            msg.what = 1;   
                            msg.getData().putInt("size", size);   
                            handler.sendMessage(msg);   
                        }   
                    });   
                } catch (Exception e) {   
                    Message msg = new Message();// 信息提示   
                    msg.what = -1;   
                    msg.getData().putString("error", "下载失败");// 如果下载错误,显示提示失败!   
                    handler.sendMessage(msg);   
                }   
            }   
        }).start();// 开始   
 
    }   
}  

Android聊天文件分片下载

在很多聊天程序中,都涉及到发送图片的功能,而展示在聊天界面的图片大多数是缩略图,然后点击查看大图,对于一些直接使用第三方库的开发者来说,可以自己维护一个图片服务器,然后通过Http请求,然后通过一些第三方的加载库(如Glide,fresco等)来加载图片。而有些项目,由于项目的历史问题,往往走的是Socket,就像我们的项目。
首先给大家看看实际的效果吧。
这里写图片描述这里写图片描述这里写图片描述

首先来分析下流程:首先到本地文件判断,是否有本地大图的缓存,如果有,直接预览本地大图,否则启动下载文件线程去下载文件,一不下载文件(分片下载),下载完成缓存到本地,同事更新数据库记录。简单的流程图如下:
这里写图片描述

涉及到的核心代码:
首先判断本地文件是否有缓存,没有启动异步线程下载(下载主要有三个方面需要注意:文件总的大小,文件片,下载文件的服务器的id)

if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(picInfo.bigImage)){ 
            CommonImageLoader.imageLoader("file://"+picInfo.bigImage, holder.img); 
        }else { 
            asynImage(holder,picInfo, tag); 
        }

启动异步线程下载:

if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(picInfo.bigImage)){ 
            CommonImageLoader.imageLoader("file://"+picInfo.bigImage, holder.img); 
        }else { 
            asynImage(holder,picInfo, tag); 
        }

下载核心类:

public String loadImagePath(final String tag,final String pic,final ImageCallback imageCallback,final ImageProgressCallback imageProgressCallback){ 
        String result = null; 
        ChatPicInfo chatPicInfo = ChatPicInfo.getInfo(pic); 
        if(chatPicInfo != null){ 
            if(chatPicInfo.local != null && new File(chatPicInfo.local).exists()){ 
                return chatPicInfo.local; 
            } 
            if(chatPicInfo.fileId != null){ 
                String filePath = FileUtils.getChatPath(chatPicInfo.fileId); 
                if(!downloadingFileId.contains(chatPicInfo.fileId)){//不存在下载列表里面 
                    WeimiHttpUtils.getWeimiHttp().downloadFile(chatPicInfo.fileId, filePath,chatPicInfo.fileLength,chatPicInfo.pieceSize); 
                } 
                removeData(chatPicInfo.fileId); 
                downloadingFileId.add(chatPicInfo.fileId); 
                fileId2Tag.put(chatPicInfo.fileId, tag); 
                fileId2ImagePath.put(chatPicInfo.fileId, filePath); 
                fileId2ImageCallback.put(chatPicInfo.fileId, imageCallback); 
                fileId2ImageProgressCallback.put(chatPicInfo.fileId, imageProgressCallback); 
            } 
        } 
        return result; 
    }

核心下载的回调:

public String loadImagePath(final String tag,final String pic,final ImageCallback imageCallback,final ImageProgressCallback imageProgressCallback){ 
        String result = null; 
        ChatPicInfo chatPicInfo = ChatPicInfo.getInfo(pic); 
        if(chatPicInfo != null){ 
            if(chatPicInfo.local != null && new File(chatPicInfo.local).exists()){ 
                return chatPicInfo.local; 
            } 
            if(chatPicInfo.fileId != null){ 
                String filePath = FileUtils.getChatPath(chatPicInfo.fileId); 
                if(!downloadingFileId.contains(chatPicInfo.fileId)){//不存在下载列表里面 
                    WeimiHttpUtils.getWeimiHttp().downloadFile(chatPicInfo.fileId, filePath,chatPicInfo.fileLength,chatPicInfo.pieceSize); 
                } 
                removeData(chatPicInfo.fileId); 
                downloadingFileId.add(chatPicInfo.fileId); 
                fileId2Tag.put(chatPicInfo.fileId, tag); 
                fileId2ImagePath.put(chatPicInfo.fileId, filePath); 
                fileId2ImageCallback.put(chatPicInfo.fileId, imageCallback); 
                fileId2ImageProgressCallback.put(chatPicInfo.fileId, imageProgressCallback); 
            } 
        } 
        return result; 
    }

原创文章,作者:奋斗,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/tech/app/5660.html

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