XtraBackup 是开源的 MySQL 执备份工具，支持 Percona Server, MySQL, MariaDB ，这篇 blog 介绍 XtraBackup 的安装和简单使用。

一 XtraBackup 工具安装

下载
http://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/XtraBackup-2.2.9/source/tarball/percona-xtrabackup-2.2.9.tar.gz

安装相关包

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[root@db1 ~]# yum install cmake gcc gcc-c++ libaio libaio-devel automake autoconf bzr bison libtool ncurses5-devel libgcrypt libgcrypt-devel python-sphinx

安装 xtrabackup

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[root@db1 soft_bak]# tar zxvf percona-xtrabackup-2.2.9.tar.gz   
[root@db1 soft_bak]# cd percona-xtrabackup-2.2.9  
[root@db1 percona-xtrabackup-2.2.9]# cmake -DBUILD_CONFIG=xtrabackup_release && make -j4  
[root@db1 percona-xtrabackup-2.2.9]# make install

备注： 默认装到了 /usr/local/xtrabackup/ 目录。

查看 xtrabackup 相关备份脚本

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[root@db1 xtrabackup]# ll /usr/local/xtrabackup/bin  
total 62104  
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 185707  Mar 5  20:01 innobackupex  
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4077080  Mar 6  08:52 xbcrypt  
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4124543  Mar 6  08:52 xbstream  
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 55200546  Mar 6  09:15 xtrabackup

问题1： Can’t locate Time/HiRes.pm

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[mysql@db1 ~]$ innobackupex --help  
Can't locate Time/HiRes.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at /usr/local/xtrabackup/bin/innobackupex line 24.  
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/local/xtrabackup/bin/innobackupex line 24.

备注：网上查了下，需要安装 perl-Time-HiRes 模块。

二 XtraBackup 使用

创建备份用户

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CREATE USER 'bk_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'bk_user';  
GRANT RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* to 'bk_user'@'localhost';  
flush privileges;

备注：RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT 是备份用户需要的最小权限。

全量备份

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[mysql@db1 tf]$ innobackupex --host=127.0.0.1  --port=3306  --defaults-file=/opt/mysql/my.cnf --user=bk_user --password=bk_user backup  
...最后几行日志  
innobackupex:  Backup created in directory '/home/mysql/script/tf/backup/2015-03-06_14-58-08'  
innobackupex:  MySQL binlog position: filename 'bin-log.000003', position 1036  
150306  14:58:13 innobackupex:  Connection to database server closed  
150306  14:58:13 innobackupex: completed OK

查看备份目录

[mysql@db1 tf]$ cd backup/2015-03-06_14-58-08/  
[mysql@db1 2015-03-06_14-58-08]$ ll  
total 77M  
-rw-rw-r--  1 mysql mysql 295  Mar 6  14:58 backup-my.cnf  
drwxrwxr-x 2 mysql mysql 4.0K  Mar 6  14:58 binlog  
drwx------  2 mysql mysql 4.0K  Mar 6  14:58 francs  
-rw-rw----  1 mysql mysql 76M  Mar 6  14:58 ibdata1  
drwxrwxr-x 2 mysql mysql 4.0K  Mar 6  14:58 log_bk  
drwx------  2 mysql mysql 4.0K  Mar 6  14:58 mysql  
drwxrwxr-x 2 mysql mysql 4.0K  Mar 6  14:58 performance_schema  
drwxrwxr-x 2 mysql mysql 4.0K  Mar 6  14:58 test  
-rw-rw-r--  1 mysql mysql 20  Mar 6  14:58 xtrabackup_binlog_info  
-rw-rw----  1 mysql mysql 91  Mar 6  14:58 xtrabackup_checkpoints  
-rw-rw-r--  1 mysql mysql 613  Mar 6  14:58 xtrabackup_info  
-rw-rw----  1 mysql mysql 2.5K  Mar 6  14:58 xtrabackup_logfile

三 参考

• The innobackupex Script
• About Percona XtraBackup