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                            <article id="post-114013" class="post-114013 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-pnotes tag-md tag-mozilla tag-219 entry">
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                                                                        <div class="entry-head">
                            <h1 class="entry-title">《HttpClient官方文档》2.7 连接套接字工厂</h1>
                            <div class="entry-info">
                                                                <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2021-08-27T07:47:10+08:00" pubdate>
                                    2021年8月27日 07:47                                </time>
                                <span class="dot">•</span>
                                <a href="https://blog.ytso.com/category/tech/pnotes" rel="category tag">编程笔记</a>                                                            </div>
                        </div>
                        
                                                <div class="entry-content text-indent text-justify">
                            <div id="toc">
<p class="toc-title"><strong>文章目录</strong><span class="toc-controller toc-controller-show">[隐藏]</span></p>
<ul>
<li class="toc-level2"><a href="#toc_1">2.7. Socket连接工厂</a>
<ul>
<li class="toc-level3"><a href="#toc_2">2.7.1. 安全套接字层</a></li>
<li class="toc-level3"><a href="#toc_3">2.7.2. 连接管理器集成</a></li>
<li class="toc-level3"><a href="#toc_4">2.7.3. 自定义SSL/TLS</a></li>
<li class="toc-level3"><a href="#toc_5">2.7.4. 主机名验证</a></li>
<li class="toc-level3"><a href="#toc_6"></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" title="2.7. Connection socket factories">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 class="title" id="toc_1" style="clear: both;"><a name="d5e431"></a>2.7. Socket连接工厂</h2>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>HTTP连接在内部使用java.net.Socket类的对象来处理数据在线路上的传输。 然而，他们依靠 ConnectionSocketFactory接口来创建，初始化和连接Socket。HttpClient的使用者能够在运行时，提供应用程序特定的Socket初始化代码。PlainConnectionSocketFactory类是创建和初始化普通（未加密）套接字的默认工厂类。</p>
<p><span id="more-29027"></span></p>
<p>创建一个套接字和连接到主机的过程是解耦的，以便连接操作被阻塞的时候套接字能够被关闭</p>
<pre class="programlisting">HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext.create();
PlainConnectionSocketFactory sf = PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory();
Socket socket = sf.createSocket(clientContext);
int timeout = 1000; //ms
HttpHost target = new HttpHost("localhost");
InetSocketAddress remoteAddress = new InetSocketAddress(
        InetAddress.getByAddress(new byte[] {127,0,0,1}), 80);
sf.connectSocket(timeout, socket, target, remoteAddress, null, clientContext);
</pre>
<div class="section" title="2.7.1. Secure socket layering">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title" id="toc_2"><a name="d5e439"></a>2.7.1. 安全套接字层</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>LayeredConnectionSocketFactory接口是 ConnectionSocketFactory接口的扩展。阶层式套接字工厂能够在现有普通套接字上创建层次化的套接字。层次化套接字主要用于通过代理创建安全套接字。<br />HttpClient附带了实现SSL / TLS分层的SSLSocketFactory类。请注意 HttpClient 不使用任何自定义的加密功能，它完全依赖于 Java 加密 (JCE) 和安全套接字 (JSEE) 扩展标准。</p>
</div>
<div class="section" title="2.7.2. Integration with connection manager">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title" id="toc_3"><a name="d5e445"></a>2.7.2. 连接管理器集成</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>自定义连接套接字工厂可以与特定的协议方案相关联，如HTTP或HTTPS，然后用来创建自定义连接管理器。</p>
<pre class="programlisting">ConnectionSocketFactory plainsf = &lt;...&gt;
LayeredConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = &lt;...&gt;
Registry&lt;ConnectionSocketFactory&gt; r = RegistryBuilder.&lt;ConnectionSocketFactory&gt;create()
        .register("http", plainsf)
        .register("https", sslsf)
        .build();

HttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(r);
HttpClients.custom()
        .setConnectionManager(cm)
        .build();
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" title="2.7.3. SSL/TLS customization">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title" id="toc_4"><a name="d5e449"></a>2.7.3. 自定义SSL/TLS</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>HttpClient 利用 SSLConnectionSocketFactory类创建 SSL 连接。SSLConnectionSocketFactory类允许高度自定义，可以把javax.net.ssl.SSLContext接口的实例作为参数传入，并使用它来创建自定义配置的SSL连接。</p>
<pre class="programlisting">KeyStore myTrustStore = &lt;...&gt;
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContexts.custom()
        .loadTrustMaterial(myTrustStore)
        .build();
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext);
</pre>
<p>对SSLConnectionSocketFactory类自定义意味着对SSL / TLS协议的概念有一定程度的了解，其详细说明不在本文档范围内。请点击<br /><a class="ulink" href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/security/jsse/JSSERefGuide.html" target="_top" rel="noopener"><br />Java™ Secure Socket Extension (JSSE) Reference Guide</a> 来获取javax.net.ssl.SSLContext接口和相关工具的详细说明。</p>
</div>
<div class="section" title="2.7.4. Hostname verification">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title" id="toc_5"><a name="d5e460"></a>2.7.4. 主机名验证</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>除了在SSL / TLS协议级别上进行信任验证和客户端身份验证之外，一旦建立了连接，HttpClient可以选择性地验证目标主机名是否与存储在服务器的X.509证书中的名称匹配。该验证可以提供对服务器信任材料的真实性的额外保证。javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier接口代表主机名验证策略。 HttpClient附带了javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier接口的两个实现类。重要:主机名验证和SSL信任验证这两者不应混淆。</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc">
<li class="listitem">
<p title="DefaultHostnameVerifier:"><b>DefaultHostnameVerifier: </b>HttpClient使用的默认实现类，它应兼容RFC 2818。主机名必须匹配证书指定的任何别名，或在证书持有者没有为别名给出最明确的证书通用名（CN）的情况下。 在证书通用名（CN），以及任何subject-alts中都可以出现通配符。</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p title="NoopHostnameVerifier:"><b>NoopHostnameVerifier类: </b> 作为主机名验证工具，实质上关闭了主机名验证，它接受任何有效的SSL会话并匹配到目标主机。</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>HttpClient默认使用DefaultHostnameVerifier类来实现。 如果需要，可以指定其他的主机名验证器来实现。</p>
<pre class="programlisting">SSLContext sslContext = SSLContexts.createSystemDefault();
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(
        sslContext,
        NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
</pre>
<p>自版本4.4后HttpClient使用由Mozilla基金维护的公共后缀名列表，以确保SSL证书中的通配符不会被滥用于申请拥有公共顶级域名的多个域。 HttpClient 附带了在释放时回收的列表的副本。 <a class="ulink" href="https://publicsuffix.org/list/effective_tld_names.dat" target="_top" rel="noopener">https://publicsuffix.org/list/</a>这个URL能够获取最近的版本号列表，强烈建议制作这个列表的本地副本，并每天从其原始位置下载不超过一次。</p>
<pre class="programlisting">PublicSuffixMatcher publicSuffixMatcher = PublicSuffixMatcherLoader.load(
    PublicSuffixMatcher.class.getResource("my-copy-effective_tld_names.dat"));
DefaultHostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier = new DefaultHostnameVerifier(publicSuffixMatcher);
</pre>
<p>可以使用“null”这个参数来禁用对公共后缀名列表的验证。</p>
<pre class="programlisting">DefaultHostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier = new DefaultHostnameVerifier(null);
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
</p>
<h3 id="toc_6"></h3>
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