介绍Python+selenium启动浏览器Firefox/Chrome/IE

在写一功能的时候，本来准备使用webbroswer模块实现，不过发现其只能实现简单的打开，而且打开tab页面发现并不能实现。所以决能通过selenium模块实现，这里列下几个selenium操作不同浏览器的定义的函数。

该模块的非常简单，如下：

import webbrowser
c = webbrowser.get('firefox')
c.open_new('http://www.361way.com')
c.open_new_tab('http://www.361way.com')

执行的时候，发现open_new和open_new_tab操作效果一样。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import os
import selenium
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
"""
练习启动各种浏览器：Firefox， Chrome， IE
练习启动各种浏览器的同时加载插件：Firefox， Chrome， IE
"""
def startFirefox():
"""启动安装在默认位置的Firefox浏览器，并自动转到 百度 首页"""
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
assert("百度" in driver.title)
elem = driver.find_element_by_name("wd")
elem.send_keys("selenium")
elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
assert "百度" in driver.title
driver.close()
driver.quit()
driver = None
def startFirefoxWithSpecificLocation():
"""启动安装在 非 默认位置的Firefox浏览器，并自动转到 百度 首页"""
firefoxBin = os.path.abspath(r"C:/Program Files (x86)/Mozilla Firefox/firefox.exe")
os.environ["webdriver.firefox.bin"] = firefoxBin
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
assert("百度" in driver.title)
elem = driver.find_element_by_name("wd")
elem.send_keys("selenium")
elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
assert "百度" in driver.title
driver.close()
driver.quit()
driver = None
def startChrome():
"""启动Chrome浏览器，并自动转到 百度 首页
启动Chrome浏览器需要指定驱动的位置
"""
chrome_driver = os.path.abspath(r"D:/云盘/360云/360云盘/我的自动双向同步文件夹/01-PersonalInfo/DataGuru/12-软件自动化测试Selenium2/1-课程/练习代码_Python版本/Selenium_python/Files/chromedriver.exe")
os.environ["webdriver.chrome.driver"] = chrome_driver
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_driver)
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
assert("百度" in driver.title)
elem = driver.find_element_by_name("wd")
elem.send_keys("selenium")
elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
assert "百度" in driver.title
driver.close()
driver.quit()
driver = None
def startIE():
"""启动IE浏览器，并自动转到 百度 首页
启动 IE 浏览器需要指定驱动的位置
"""
ie_driver = os.path.abspath(r"D:/云盘/360云/360云盘/我的自动双向同步文件夹/01-PersonalInfo/DataGuru/12-软件自动化测试Selenium2/1-课程/练习代码_Python版本/Selenium_python/Files/IEDriverServer.exe")
os.environ["webdriver.ie.driver"] = ie_driver
driver = webdriver.Ie(ie_driver)
driver.get("http://www.python.org")
assert("Python" in driver.title)
elem = driver.find_element_by_id("id-search-field")
elem.send_keys("selenium")
'''
elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
assert "百度" in driver.title
driver.close()
driver.quit()
driver = None
'''
def start_firefox_with_firebug_plug():
"""启动Firefox，并自动加载插件Firebug"""
firefoxBin = os.path.abspath(r"C:/Program Files (x86)/Mozilla Firefox/firefox.exe")
os.environ["webdriver.firefox.bin"] = firefoxBin
firefoxProfile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
tempDir = os.getcwd()
tempDir = os.path.split(tempDir)[0]
firebugPlugFile = os.path.join(os.path.join(tempDir,"Files"), "firebug-2.0.7.xpi")
firefoxProfile.add_extension(firebugPlugFile)
firefoxProfile.set_preference("extensions.firebug.currentVersion", "2.0.7")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=firefoxProfile)
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
def start_chrome_with_chrometomobile_plug():
"""启动Chrome，并自动加载插件Chrome to Mobile"""
tempDir = os.getcwd()
tempDir = os.path.split(tempDir)[0]
chrome_driver_file = os.path.join(os.path.join(tempDir,"Files"), "chromedriver.exe")
os.environ["webdriver.chrome.driver"] = chrome_driver_file
chrome_to_mobile_plug_file = os.path.join(os.path.join(tempDir,"Files"), "Chrome-to-Mobile_v3.3.crx")
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_extension(chrome_to_mobile_plug_file)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_driver_file,
chrome_options=chrome_options)
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
'''
driver.close()
driver.quit()
driver = None
'''
def start_firefox_with_default_settings():
"""启动Firefox浏览器， 使用本地配置文件中的选项配置浏览器
自动将页面载入过程导出为Har文件，并存放在
配置项 extensions.firebug.netexport.defaultLogDir指定的D:/temp/selenium2目录下
"""
firefox_bin = os.path.abspath(r"C:/Program Files (x86)/Mozilla Firefox/firefox.exe")
os.environ["webdriver.firefox.bin"] = firefox_bin
# 使用从别的机器上拷贝来的浏览器配置
firefox_profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile(os.path.abspath(r"D:/Temp/selenium2/Profiles/mm9zxom8.default"))
# 使用本地的默认配置
#firefox_profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile(r"C:/Users/eli/AppData/Roaming/Mozilla/Firefox/Profiles/mm9zxom8.default")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=firefox_profile)
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
'''
driver.close()
driver.quit()
driver = None
'''
def start_chrome_with_default_settings():
"""启动Firefox浏览器， 使用本地配置文件中的选项配置浏览器"""
tempDir = os.getcwd()
tempDir = os.path.split(tempDir)[0]
chrome_driver = chrome_driver_file = os.path.join(os.path.join(tempDir,"Files"), "chromedriver.exe")
os.environ["webdriver.chrome.driver"] = chrome_driver
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--test-type")
#chrome_options.add_argument("user-data-dir="+os.path.abspath(r"D:/Temp/selenium2/User Data"))
chrome_options.add_argument("user-data-dir="+os.path.abspath(r"C:/Users/eli/AppData/Local/Google/Chrome/User Data"))
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_driver,
chrome_options=chrome_options)
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 2.启动浏览器时自动加载插件， 如Firefox -> Firebug ; Chrome -> Chrome to Mobile
# start_firefox_with_firebug_plug()
# start_chrome_with_chrometomobile_plug()
# start_firefox_with_default_settings()
start_chrome_with_default_settings()
# 1.启动各种浏览器
#startFirefox()
#startFirefoxWithSpecificLocation()
#startChrome()
#startIE()