Bootstrap 是由 Twitter 的 Mark Otto 和 Jacob Thornton 开发的一个用于快速开发 Web 应用程序和网站的前端框架。Bootstrap 是基于 HTML、CSS、JAVASCRIPT 的。
为什么使用 Bootstrap？
- 移动设备优先：自 Bootstrap 3 起，框架包含了贯穿于整个库的移动设备优先的样式。
- 浏览器支持：所有的主流浏览器(Internet Explorer、Firefox、Opera、Google Chrome和Safari)都支持 Bootstrap。
- 容易上手：只要您具备 HTML 和 CSS 的基础知识，您就可以开始学习 Bootstrap。
- 响应式设计：Bootstrap 的响应式 CSS 能够自适应于台式机、平板电脑和手机。更多有关响应式设计的内容详见 Bootstrap 响应式设计。
- 它为开发人员创建接口提供了一个简洁统一的解决方案。
- 它包含了功能强大的内置组件，易于定制。
- 它还提供了基于 Web 的定制。
- 它是开源的。
Bootstrap 包的内容：
- 基本结构：Bootstrap 提供了一个带有网格系统、链接样式、背景的基本结构。
- CSS：Bootstrap 自带以下特性：全局的 CSS 设置、定义基本的 HTML 元素样式、可扩展的 class，以及一个先进的网格系统。
- 组件：Bootstrap 包含了十几个可重用的组件，用于创建图像、下拉菜单、导航、警告框、弹出框等等。
- JavaScript 插件：Bootstrap 包含了十几个自定义的 jQuery 插件。您可以直接包含所有的插件，也可以逐个包含这些插件。
- 定制：您可以定制 Bootstrap 的组件、LESS 变量和 jQuery 插件来得到您自己的版本。
更新日志
- Flexbox is now on by default, with no fallback! This means we’ve dropped IE9 support, but with significant savings to our code base, simpler components, and improved customization thanks to the power of flexbox.
- Rebuilt the navbar with flexbox in mind, leading to some structural changes, but including more flexibility and customization. Includes updated docs, code snippets, more responsive options. All navbars in our examples are also using the latest markup and styles now. Also solves around 10 bugs in the process!
- Overhauled flexbox utilities and documented them. Replaced all the previous flexbox utilities with new ones that are named after property: value pairs (instead of creating new names for things). For example, .flex-items-between is now .justify-content-between to apply justify-content: between;. This also adds tons of new flexbox utilities for display, order, wrap, and more.
- Revamped navs Sass with flexbox and updated docs. All the floats and clearfixs have been removed,.nav-inline removed (on account of display: flex inlining for us on .nav), added fill and justify options, and more.
- Building on the grid improvements from Alpha 5, you can now customize container padding across grid breakpoints and optionally remove grid gutters with .no-gutters.
- Similarly, our flexbox grid system has new classes for automatically sizing columns to the size of their content across viewports (e.g., you can now apply col-xs-6, col-md-auto, and col-xl-4 to a single element).
- Grid, display, float, margin, padding, and text utility classes have been significantly overhauled. In addition to all classes now being responsive, the xs tier no longer requires a breakpoint abbreviation, making for shorter and more descriptive classes and an easier migration from v3. For example, instead of .d-xs-none, it’s back to .d-none while it remains .d-{sm,md,lg,xl}-none for those breakpoints.
- Renamed some .active, all .in, and all .open classes for our JavaScript powered components for more consistent naming. For example, instead it’s now .collapse.show instead of .collapse.in and.show > .dropdown-menu instead of .open > .dropdown-menu to better communicate the visibility of elements.
- Refactored carousel with new, simpler styles, better documentation, and less specific selectors.
- Rewrote progress component without the <progress> element due to lack of animations, no support for multiple bars, and no support for labels on the progress bars.
- Fixed some unescaped #s in our SVG data URLs that are used to add vector background-images.
- Renamed .tag back to .badge, like v3, to avoid conflicts with common WordPress styles.
- A number of custom form enhancements and bugfixes were made. Label-less custom radios and cehckboxes, fixed SVG URLs in background-images, and more.
- Updated Normalize.css to v5.0.0.
- .form-check and .form-check-inline now share the same markup. Switch between the two by adding or removing .form-check-inline as a modifier.
- Added support for justified navigation when in flexbox mode.
- Renamed _animation.scss to _transitions.scss for clarity.
- Added new color variables (e.g., $blue) for additional customization.
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