Python requests模块学习笔记详解编程语言

#HTTP请求类型 
#get类型 
r = requests.get('https://github.com/timeline.json') 
#post类型 
r = requests.post("http://m.ctrip.com/post") 
#put类型 
r = requests.put("http://m.ctrip.com/put") 
#delete类型 
r = requests.delete("http://m.ctrip.com/delete") 
#head类型 
r = requests.head("http://m.ctrip.com/head") 
#options类型 
r = requests.options("http://m.ctrip.com/get") 
#获取响应内容 
print r.content #以字节的方式去显示，中文显示为字符 
print r.text #以文本的方式去显示 
#URL传递参数 
payload = {'keyword': '日本', 'salecityid': '2'} 
r = requests.get("http://m.ctrip.com/webapp/tourvisa/visa_list", params=payload)  
print r.url #示例为http://m.ctrip.com/webapp/tourvisa/visa_list?salecityid=2&keyword=日本 
 
#获取/修改网页编码 
r = requests.get('https://github.com/timeline.json') 
print r.encoding 
r.encoding = 'utf-8' 
#json处理 
r = requests.get('https://github.com/timeline.json') 
print r.json() #需要先import json     
#定制请求头 
url = 'http://m.ctrip.com' 
headers = {'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 4.2.1; en-us; Nexus 4 Build/JOP40D) AppleWebKit/535.19 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/18.0.1025.166 Mobile Safari/535.19'} 
r = requests.post(url, headers=headers) 
print r.request.headers 
#复杂post请求 
url = 'http://m.ctrip.com' 
payload = {'some': 'data'} 
r = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(payload)) #如果传递的payload是string而不是dict，需要先调用dumps方法格式化一下 
#post多部分编码文件 
url = 'http://m.ctrip.com' 
files = {'file': open('report.xls', 'rb')} 
r = requests.post(url, files=files) 
#响应状态码 
r = requests.get('http://m.ctrip.com') 
print r.status_code 
#响应头 
r = requests.get('http://m.ctrip.com') 
print r.headers 
print r.headers['Content-Type'] 
print r.headers.get('content-type') #访问响应头部分内容的两种方式 
#Cookies 
url = 'http://example.com/some/cookie/setting/url' 
r = requests.get(url) 
r.cookies['example_cookie_name']    #读取cookies 
url = 'http://m.ctrip.com/cookies' 
cookies = dict(cookies_are='working') 
r = requests.get(url, cookies=cookies) #发送cookies 
#设置超时时间 
r = requests.get('http://m.ctrip.com', timeout=0.001) 
#设置访问代理 
proxies = { 
"http": "http://10.10.10.10:8888", 
"https": "http://10.10.10.100:4444", 
} 
r = requests.get('http://m.ctrip.com', proxies=proxies)

#!/user/bin/env python 
#coding=utf-8 
import requests 
import json 
class url_request(): 
def __init__(self): 
""" init """     
if __name__=='__main__': 
headers = {'Content-Type' : 'application/json'} 
payload = {'CountryName':'中国', 
'ProvinceName':'陕西省', 
'L1CityName':'汉中', 
'L2CityName':'城固', 
'TownName':'', 
'Longitude':'107.33393', 
'Latitude':'33.157131', 
'Language':'CN' 
} 
r = requests.post("http://www.xxxxxx.com/CityLocation/json/LBSLocateCity",headers=headers,data=payload) 
#r.encoding = 'utf-8' 
data=r.json() 
if r.status_code!=200: 
print "LBSLocateCity API Error " + str(r.status_code) 
print data['CityEntities'][0]['CityID'] #打印返回json中的某个key的value 
print data['ResponseStatus']['Ack'] 
print json.dumps(data,indent=4,sort_keys=True,ensure_ascii=False) #树形打印json，ensure_ascii必须设为False否则中文会显示为unicode

#!/user/bin/env python 
#coding=utf-8 
import requests 
class url_request(): 
def __init__(self): 
""" init """     
if __name__=='__main__': 
headers = {'Content-type': 'text/xml'} 
XML = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:Body><Request xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"><jme><JobClassFullName>WeChatJSTicket.JobWS.Job.JobRefreshTicket,WeChatJSTicket.JobWS</JobClassFullName><Action>RUN</Action><Param>1</Param><HostIP>127.0.0.1</HostIP><JobInfo>1</JobInfo><NeedParallel>false</NeedParallel></jme></Request></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>' 
url = 'http://jobws.push.mobile.xxxxxxxx.com/RefreshWeiXInTokenJob/RefreshService.asmx' 
r = requests.post(url,headers=headers,data=XML) 
#r.encoding = 'utf-8' 
data = r.text 
print data