Spring 事务配置的五种方式详解编程语言

前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究,在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过,但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清,还是比较好掌握的。

    总结如下:

 Spring事务类型详解:
  PROPAGATION_REQUIRED–支持当前事务,如果当前没有事务,就新建一个事务。这是最常见的选择。
  PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS–支持当前事务,如果当前没有事务,就以非事务方式执行。
  PROPAGATION_MANDATORY–支持当前事务,如果当前没有事务,就抛出异常。
  PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW–新建事务,如果当前存在事务,把当前事务挂起。
  PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED–以非事务方式执行操作,如果当前存在事务,就把当前事务挂起。
  PROPAGATION_NEVER–以非事务方式执行,如果当前存在事务,则抛出异常。
  PROPAGATION_NESTED–如果当前存在事务,则在嵌套事务内执行。如果当前没有事务,则进行与PROPAGATION_REQUIRED类似的操作。

 

    Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分,分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分,无论哪种配置方式,一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

    DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化,比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时,DataSource实际为SessionFactory,TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

    具体如下图:

    根据代理机制的不同,总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式,配置文件如下:

其中

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
    <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> 
</bean> 

可以用下面的替换

<!-- 配置数据源,使用的是alibaba的Druid(德鲁伊)数据源 --> 
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close"> 
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />   
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />   
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />   
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />  
    <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->   
    <property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.initialSize}"></property>   
    <!-- 连接池最大数量 -->   
    <property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.maxActive}"></property>   
    <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->   
    <property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.minIdle}"></property>   
    <!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->   
    <property name="maxIdle" value="${jdbc.maxIdle}"></property>   
    <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->   
    <property name="maxWait" value="${jdbc.maxWait}"></property>   
</bean>

 

    第一种方式:每个Bean都有一个代理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> 
 
    <bean id="sessionFactory"   
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> 
    </bean>   
 
    <!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->   
    <bean id="transactionManager" 
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
     
    <!-- 配置DAO --> 
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
     
    <bean id="userDao"   
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">   
           <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->   
           <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />      
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />   
         <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" /> 
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->   
        <property name="transactionAttributes">   
            <props>   
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> 
            </props>   
        </property>   
    </bean>   
</beans>

 

第二种方式:所有Bean共享一个代理基类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> 
 
    <bean id="sessionFactory"   
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> 
    </bean>   
 
    <!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->   
    <bean id="transactionManager" 
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
     
    <bean id="transactionBase"   
            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"   
            lazy-init="true" abstract="true">   
        <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->   
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />   
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->   
        <property name="transactionAttributes">   
            <props>   
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
            </props>   
        </property>   
    </bean>     
    
    <!-- 配置DAO --> 
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
     
    <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >   
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />    
    </bean> 
</beans>

 

第三种方式:使用拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> 
 
    <bean id="sessionFactory"   
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> 
    </bean>   
 
    <!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->   
    <bean id="transactionManager" 
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean>  
    
    <bean id="transactionInterceptor"   
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">   
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />   
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->   
        <property name="transactionAttributes">   
            <props>   
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
            </props>   
        </property>   
    </bean> 
       
    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">   
        <property name="beanNames">   
            <list>   
                <value>*Dao</value> 
            </list>   
        </property>   
        <property name="interceptorNames">   
            <list>   
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>   
            </list>   
        </property>   
    </bean>   
   
    <!-- 配置DAO --> 
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
</beans>

 

第四种方式:使用tx标签配置的拦截器 — 声明式事务

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> 
 
    <context:annotation-config /> 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" /> 
 
    <bean id="sessionFactory"   
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> 
    </bean>   
 
    <!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->   
    <bean id="transactionManager" 
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
 
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> 
        <tx:attributes> 
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> 
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts" expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" /> </aop:config> </beans>

 

第五种方式:全注解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> 
 
    <context:annotation-config /> 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" /> 
 
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> 
 
    <bean id="sessionFactory"   
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> 
    </bean>   
 
    <!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->   
    <bean id="transactionManager" 
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
     
</beans>

 

[email protected],如下:

package com.bluesky.spring.dao; 
 
import java.util.List; 
 
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
 
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User; 
 
@Transactional 
@Component("userDao") 
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao { 
 
    public List<User> listUsers() { 
        return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list(); 
    } 
     
     
}

原创文章,作者:ItWorker,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/16925.html

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