java中文件复制的4种方式详解编程语言

      今天一个同事问我文件复制的问题,他一个100M的文件复制的指定目录下竟然成了1G多,吓我一跳,后来看了他的代码发现是自己通过字节流复制的,定义的字节数组很大,导致复制后目标文件非常大,其实就是空行等一些无效空间。我也是很少用这种方式拷贝问价,大多数用Apache提供的commons-io中的FileUtils,后来在网上查了下,发现还有其他的方式,效率更高,所以在此整理一下,也是自己的一个学习。

1. 使用FileStreams复制

比较经典的一个代码,使用FileInputStream读取文件A的字节,使用FileOutputStream写入到文件B。

public static void copy(String source, String dest, int bufferSize) { InputStream in = null; OutputStream out = null; try { in = new FileInputStream(new File(source)); out = new FileOutputStream(new File(dest)); byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize]; int len; while ((len = in.read(buffer)) > 0) { out.write(buffer, 0, len); } } catch (Exception e) { Log.w(TAG + ":copy", "error occur while copy", e); } finally { safelyClose(TAG + ":copy", in); safelyClose(TAG + ":copy", out); } }  
2.

2、使用FileChannel

Java NIO包括transferFrom方法,根据文档应该比文件流复制的速度更快。

 

public static void copyNio(String source, String dest) { FileChannel input = null; FileChannel output = null; try { input = new FileInputStream(new File(from)).getChannel(); output = new FileOutputStream(new File(to)).getChannel(); output.transferFrom(input, 0, input.size()); } catch (Exception e) { Log.w(TAG + "copyNio", "error occur while copy", e); } finally { safelyClose(TAG + "copyNio", input); safelyClose(TAG + "copyNio", output); } }

3、 使用Apache Commons IO复制
Appache Commons IO 提供了一个FileUtils.copyFile(File from, File to)方法用于文件复制,如果项目里使用到了这个类库,使用这个方法是个不错的选择。
它的内部也是使用Java NIO的FileChannel实现的。
commons-io的路径:http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/javadocs/api-release/index.html。里面还有很多实用的方法,如拷贝目录、拷贝指定格式文件等。
private static void  copyFileByApacheCommonsIO(File source, File dest) throws IOException { FileUtils.copyFile(source, dest); }
4、使用Java7的Files类复制
private static void copyFileUsingJava7Files(File source, File dest) throws IOException { Files.copy(source.toPath(), dest.toPath()); }
我没有亲测,找了下网友的测试程序和输出,性能数据供大家参考(来源:https://www.jb51.net/article/70412.htm)
import
java.io.File;

import
java.io.FileInputStream;

import
java.io.FileOutputStream;

import
java.io.IOException;

import
java.io.InputStream;

import
java.io.OutputStream;

import
java.nio.channels.FileChannel;

import
java.nio.file.Files;

import
org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

public
class
CopyFilesExample {
  
public
static
void
main(String[] args)
throws
InterruptedException,

      
IOException {

    
File source =
new
File(
"C://Users//nikos7//Desktop//files//sourcefile1.txt"
);

    
File dest =
new
File(
"C://Users//nikos7//Desktop//files//destfile1.txt"
);

  

    
// copy file using FileStreams

    
long
start = System.nanoTime();

    
long
end;

    
copyFileUsingFileStreams(source, dest);

    
System.out.println(
"Time taken by FileStreams Copy = "

        
+ (System.nanoTime() - start));
 
    
// copy files using java.nio.FileChannel

    
source =
new
File(
"C://Users//nikos7//Desktop//files//sourcefile2.txt"
);

    
dest =
new
File(
"C://Users//nikos7//Desktop//files//destfile2.txt"
);

    
start = System.nanoTime();

    
copyFileUsingFileChannels(source, dest);

    
end = System.nanoTime();

    
System.out.println(
"Time taken by FileChannels Copy = "
+ (end - start));
    
// copy file using Java 7 Files class

    
source =
new
File(
"C://Users//nikos7//Desktop//files//sourcefile3.txt"
);

    
dest =
new
File(
"C://Users//nikos7//Desktop//files//destfile3.txt"
);

    
start = System.nanoTime();

    
copyFileUsingJava7Files(source, dest);

    
end = System.nanoTime();

    
System.out.println(
"Time taken by Java7 Files Copy = "
+ (end - start));

    
// copy files using apache commons io

    
source =
new
File(
"C://Users//nikos7//Desktop//files//sourcefile4.txt"
);

    
dest =
new
File(
"C://Users//nikos7//Desktop//files//destfile4.txt"
);

    
start = System.nanoTime();

    
copyFileUsingApacheCommonsIO(source, dest);

    
end = System.nanoTime();

    
System.out.println(
"Time taken by Apache Commons IO Copy = "

        
+ (end - start));
  
}

  
private
static
void
copyFileUsingFileStreams(File source, File dest)

      
throws
IOException {

    
InputStream input =
null
;

    
OutputStream output =
null
;

    
try
{

      
input =
new
FileInputStream(source);

      
output =
new
FileOutputStream(dest);

      
byte
[] buf =
new
byte
[
1024
];

      
int
bytesRead;

      
while
((bytesRead = input.read(buf)) >
0
) {

        
output.write(buf,
0
, bytesRead);

      
}

    
}
finally
{

      
input.close();

      
output.close();

    
}

  
}

  
private
static
void
copyFileUsingFileChannels(File source, File dest)

      
throws
IOException {

    
FileChannel inputChannel =
null
;

    
FileChannel outputChannel =
null
;

    
try
{

      
inputChannel =
new
FileInputStream(source).getChannel();

      
outputChannel =
new
FileOutputStream(dest).getChannel();

      
outputChannel.transferFrom(inputChannel,
0
, inputChannel.size());

    
}
finally
{

      
inputChannel.close();

      
outputChannel.close();

    
}

  
}

  
private
static
void
copyFileUsingJava7Files(File source, File dest)

      
throws
IOException {

    
Files.copy(source.toPath(), dest.toPath());

  
}

  
private
static
void
copyFileUsingApacheCommonsIO(File source, File dest)

      
throws
IOException {

    
FileUtils.copyFile(source, dest);

  
}
}

输出:

Time taken by FileStreams Copy =
127572360

Time taken by FileChannels Copy =
10449963

Time taken by Java7 Files Copy =
10808333

Time taken by Apache Commons IO Copy =
17971677
 

 

原创文章,作者:ItWorker,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/17453.html

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