通讯录文件版本详解编程语言

addressbook.h

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 
 
#ifndef  __ADDRESSBOOK_H__           //使用条件编译，防止重复引入头文件   
#define  __ADDRESSBOOK_H__   
 
#include<stdio.h>   
#include<stdlib.h>   
#include<string.h>   
 
#define  NAME_MAX 20   
#define  SEX_MAX 6   
#define  TELE_MAX 20   
#define  ADDR_MAX 40   
#define INIT_SIZE 2   
#define ADD_SIZE 10   
 
 
typedef enum choice 
{ 
    EXIT, 
    ADD, 
    DELETE, 
    CHANGE, 
    FIND, 
    INIT, 
    OUTPUT, 
    SORT 
}choice; 
 
 
typedef struct                     //定义一个信息的结构体类型   
{ 
    char name[NAME_MAX]; 
    char sex[SEX_MAX]; 
    int age; 
    char tele[TELE_MAX]; 
    char address[ADDR_MAX]; 
 
}infor; 
 
typedef struct                           //创建一个顺序表   
{ 
    infor *data; 
    int i;                               //表示联系人个数   
    int size;                            //表示开辟空间的容量   
}sequence; 
 
 
void Add(sequence *book); 
void delete(sequence *book, char *names); 
void change(sequence *book, char *names); 
void output(sequence const *book); 
void init(sequence *book); 
void sort(sequence *book); 
void find(sequence *book, char *names); 
void save_addressbook(sequence *book);         //向文件里面写入信息   
void load_addressbook(sequence *book);         //从文件中读取信息   
void memory(sequence *book);                   //动态内存开辟函数   
 
#endif  

addressbook.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 
//函数实现   
#include"addressbook.h"   
int find_place(sequence *book, char *names) 
{ 
int n = 0; 
while (n < book->i) 
{ 
if (strcmp(book->data[n].name, names) == 0) 
break; 
n++; 
} 
if (n != book->i) 
return n;                       //如果找到则返回这个位置   
return -1;                           //没找到返回-1   
} 
void find(sequence *book, char *names) 
{ 
int ret = find_place(book, names); 
if (ret == -1) 
printf("查询无果/n"); 
else 
printf("名字：%s 性别： %s 年龄： %d 电话： %s 地址： %s/n", 
book->data[ret].name, 
book->data[ret].sex, 
book->data[ret].age, 
book->data[ret].tele, 
book->data[ret].address); 
} 
void memory(sequence *book) 
{ 
infor *p = NULL; 
if (book->size == 0)                  //如果当前没有开辟空间，则开辟一块空间   
{ 
p = (infor *)malloc(INIT_SIZE*sizeof(infor)); 
if (p == NULL) 
exit(1); 
else 
book->data = p; 
book->size = INIT_SIZE; 
} 
if (book->i == (book->size - 1))          //如果空间不够，则进行扩容   
{ 
p = (infor *)realloc(book->data, (book->size = +ADD_SIZE)*sizeof(infor)); 
if (p == NULL) 
exit(1); 
else 
book->data = p; 
} 
} 
void Add(sequence *book) 
{ 
memory(book); 
printf("请输入名字:"); 
scanf("%s", book->data[book->i].name); 
printf("请输入性别："); 
scanf("%s", book->data[book->i].sex); 
printf("请输入年龄："); 
scanf("%d", &book->data[book->i].age); 
printf("请输入电话："); 
scanf("%s", book->data[book->i].tele); 
printf("请输入地址："); 
scanf("%s", book->data[book->i].address); 
++book->i; 
printf("添加成功/n"); 
} 
void delete(sequence *book, char *names) 
{ 
if (book->i <= 0) 
{ 
printf("通讯录已空/n"); 
} 
else 
{ 
int n = 0; 
n = find_place(book, names);                       //根据名字查找   
if (n< 0) 
{ 
printf("没有此人/n"); 
} 
else 
{ 
book->data[n] = book->data[book->i - 1];//如果找到，则将最后一条记录放到这个位置   
book->i--;                     //删除一个，则记录位置的book->i也要减一   
printf("删除成功/n"); 
} 
} 
} 
void change(sequence *book, char *names) 
{ 
int ret = 0; 
ret = find_place(book, names);              //先找到这个人的位置   
if (ret == -1) 
{ 
printf("没有此人/n"); 
} 
else 
{ 
printf("请输入名字:"); 
scanf("%s", book->data[ret].name); 
printf("请输入性别："); 
scanf("%s", book->data[ret].sex); 
printf("请输入年龄："); 
scanf("%d", &book->data[ret].age); 
printf("请输入电话："); 
scanf("%s", book->data[ret].tele); 
printf("请输入地址："); 
scanf("%s", book->data[ret].address); 
printf("修改成功/n"); 
} 
} 
void output(sequence const *book) 
{ 
if (book->i <= 0) 
{ 
printf("通讯录为空/n"); 
} 
else 
{ 
int n = 0; 
printf("%5s %5s %5s %11s %11s/n", "名字", "性别", "年龄", "电话", "地址"); 
while (n < book->i) 
{ 
printf("%5s %5s %5d %11s %11s/n", 
book->data[n].name, 
book->data[n].sex, 
book->data[n].age, 
book->data[n].tele, 
book->data[n].address); 
n++; 
} 
} 
} 
void init(sequence *book) 
{ 
book->i = 0;            //只要将记录位置的book->i置0   
printf("初始化成功/n"); 
} 
void sort(sequence *book) 
{ 
if (book->i >1)                  //当通讯录中有1个以上记录再进行排序   
{ 
int i = 0; 
int j = 0; 
int flag = 0; 
for (i = 0; i < book->i - 1; i++) 
{ 
flag = 1; 
for (j = 0; j < book->i - i - 1; j++) 
{ 
if (strcmp(book->data[j].name, book->data[j + 1].name) > 0)  //根据名字进行排序   
{ 
infor tmp = book->data[j]; 
book->data[j] = book->data[j + 1]; 
book->data[j + 1] = tmp; 
flag = 0; 
}        //if 结束   
} 
if (flag)     //如果已经有序，则flag为真   
break; 
} 
} 
printf("排序成功/n"); 
} 
void save_addressbook(sequence *book) 
{ 
int i = 0; 
FILE *pfwrite = fopen("test.txt", "w");  //首先打开文件    
if (pfwrite == NULL) 
{ 
perror("open file pfwrite"); 
exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 
} 
for (i = 0; i < book->i; i++)                                //将当前结构体数组中的信息全部写入   
{ 
fwrite(&(book->data[i]), sizeof(infor), 1, pfwrite);     //使用二进制流的方式写入   
} 
fclose(pfwrite);                                              //关闭文件   
} 
void load_addressbook(sequence *book) 
{ 
int n = 0; 
infor tmp = { 0 };                           //创建临时变量用来保存每次读取的信息   
FILE *pfread = fopen("test.txt", "r");       //首先打开文件 （test.txt 自己在当前目录底下创建）   
if (pfread == NULL) 
{ 
perror("open file pfread"); 
exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 
} 
while (fread(&tmp, sizeof(infor), 1, pfread))  //每次读取一条信息，当读取完成后，fread返回0   
{ 
memory(book);                              //要加载信息首先要开辟内存，或者内存不够时就要扩容   
book->data[n] = tmp; 
n++; 
book->i++;                              //同时book->i也要增长   
} 
fclose(pfread); 
}

test.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 
#include"addressbook.h"   
void meau() 
{ 
printf("*******************************/n"); 
printf("*0.exit              1.Add    */n"); 
printf("*2.deletel           3.change */n"); 
printf("*4.find              5.init   */n"); 
printf("*6.output            7.sort   */n/n"); 
} 
void execute(sequence *book) 
{ 
load_addressbook(book); 
char name[20]; 
while (1) 
{ 
int n = 0; 
meau(); 
printf("请选择："); 
scanf("%d", &n); 
switch (n) 
{ 
case EXIT: 
save_addressbook(book); 
free(book->data); 
exit(1); 
break; 
case ADD: 
Add(book); 
break; 
case DELETE: 
printf("请输入姓名："); 
scanf("%s", name); 
delete(book, name); 
break; 
case CHANGE: 
printf("请输入姓名："); 
scanf("%s", name); 
change(book, name); 
break; 
case FIND: 
printf("请输入姓名："); 
scanf("%s", name); 
find(book, name); 
break; 
case INIT: 
init(book); 
break; 
case OUTPUT: 
output(book); 
break; 
case SORT: 
sort(book); 
break; 
default: 
printf("选择无效/n"); 
break; 
} 
} 
} 
int main() 
{ 
sequence book; 
book.i = 0; 
book.size = 0; 
book.data = NULL; 
execute(&book); 
system("pause"); 
return 0; 
}