刚学习了socket编程和多线程相关知识,为了巩固下知识,动手实现了一个基于BIO的socket+多线程的控制台聊天室。
github代码地址:传送门
功能介绍
首先启动server端,然后启动client端。任意一个client发送给server的消息都将会被转发给所有在线的client,实现了一个聊天室功能。
client发送exit
指令可以下线,所有的client端,以及server端都会收到它的下线通知。
原理
socket 通信是基于TCP/IP 网络层上的一种传送方式,有关TCP的介绍前面有写过(TCP概述),这里不再赘述。
首先,服务端初始化ServerSocket,然后对指定的端口(这里是65000)进行绑定,接着对端口进行监听,通过调用accept方法阻塞,此时,如果客户端有一个socket连接到服务端,那么服务端通过监听和accept方法可以与客户端进行连接,就创建了一个客户端线程。
然后就是客户端的启动和连接了,在服务端socket启动之后,启动客户端连接ServerSocket,这里实现了多线程,可以同时连接多个客户端。这里多线程方面使用了线程池,线程池的作用是:
- 线程复用,减少创建线程耗时;
- 防止短时间内高并发,指定线程池大小,超过数量将等待,防止短时间创建大量线程导致资源耗尽,服务挂掉。
代码
客户端:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class TCPClient {
Socket clientSocket = null;
BufferedReader reader = null;
private static final int PORT = 65000;
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
new TCPClient();
System.exit(0); //client退出后自动结束此进程
}
//客户端逻辑写在构造方法中
public TCPClient() {
clientSocket = new Socket();
try {
clientSocket.connect(new InetSocketAddress("localhost", PORT));
new getInputStream().start();
System.out.println("Client started!");
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
String receiveStr = null;
while ((receiveStr = reader.readLine()) != null) {
//接收服务端发来的数据
if (receiveStr.equals("exit")) {
//如果发送exit,服务端会回传exit,这里判断回传的是不是exit。是的话就结束此线程
break;
}
System.out.println(receiveStr);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
//exit -> 关闭客户端套接字、线程、BufferReader
try {
if (reader != null) {
reader.close();
}
if (clientSocket != null) {
clientSocket.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//客户端线程,用于向服务端写入从客户端控制台输入的数据
class getInputStream extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
BufferedReader is = null;
PrintWriter os = null;
try {
is = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
os = new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(clientSocket.getOutputStream()));
String str = null;
while ((str = is.readLine()) != null) {
os.println(str);
os.flush();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (is != null) {
is.close();
}
if (os != null) {
os.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
服务端:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class TCPServer {
static ArrayList<Socket> clients = new ArrayList<>();
//接受客户端信息线程,每个客户端对应一个,用来获取客户端发送来的数据并广播到所有客户端
static class HandleMsg implements Runnable {
Socket clientSocket;
PrintWriter os = null;
String msg = null;
public HandleMsg(Socket clientSocket) {
this.clientSocket = clientSocket;
}
@Override
public void run() {
clients.add(clientSocket); //添加进客户端套接字池
//客户端刚连接时显示其端口、当前人数,并广播
msg = "欢迎【" + clientSocket.getRemoteSocketAddress() + "】加入聊天室!聊天室当前人数为:" + clients.size();
sendMsg(msg);
BufferedReader is = null;
try {
//从InputStream中读取客户端发来的数据
is = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
while ((msg = is.readLine()) != null) {
if (msg.equals("exit")) {
//客户端发送exit退出
msg = "【" + clientSocket.getRemoteSocketAddress() + "】下线了.";
sendMsg(msg);
System.out.println(msg);
os = new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(clientSocket.getOutputStream()));
os.println("exit");
os.flush();
break;
} else {
msg = "【" + clientSocket.getRemoteSocketAddress() + "】说: " + msg;
sendMsg(msg);
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (is != null) {
is.close();
}
if (os != null) {
os.close();
}
clientSocket.close();
clients.remove(clientSocket);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//广播发送方法
void sendMsg(String msg) {
for (int i = clients.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
try {
os = new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(clients.get(i).getOutputStream()));
os.println(msg);
os.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ServerSocket ss = null;
Socket clientSocket = null;
ExecutorService tp = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
ss = new ServerSocket(65000);
System.out.println("Server " + ss.getLocalPort() + " started!");
while (true) {
try {
//阻塞,直到有客户端连接
clientSocket = ss.accept();
System.out.println(clientSocket.getRemoteSocketAddress() + " connect!");
//为客户端创建一个接收信息的线程
tp.execute(new HandleMsg(clientSocket));
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
}
原创文章,作者:奋斗,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/19354.html