Hadoop单机版安装

实验环境：

操作系统：Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Hadoop版本：Hadoop 2.7.1

一、安装JAVA环境

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:/$ sudo apt-get install default-jre default-jdk

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:/$ vim ~/.bashrc

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/default-java

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:/$ source ~/.bashrc  #使变量设置生效

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:/$ echo $JAVA_HOME

/usr/lib/jvm/default-java

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:/$ java -version

openjdk version “1.8.0_131”

OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_131-8u131-b11-2ubuntu1.16.04.3-b11)

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.131-b11, mixed mode)

二、安装Hadoop

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:/$ cd  ~/下载

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:~/下载$  wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.6.5/hadoop-2.6.5.tar.gz 

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:~/下载$ sudo tar -zxvf hadoop-2.6.5.tar.gz -C /usr/local

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:/usr/local$ sudo mv ./hadoop-2.6.5/ ./hadoop   #更改文件夹名称

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:/usr/local$ sudo chown -R hadoop ./hadoop/   #修改文件夹权限

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop$ ./bin/hadoop version     #显示版本信息

Hadoop 2.7.1

Subversion https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop.git -r 15ecc87ccf4a0228f35af08fc56de536e6ce657a

Compiled by jenkins on 2015-06-29T06:04Z

Compiled with protoc 2.5.0

From source with checksum fc0a1a23fc1868e4d5ee7fa2b28a58a

This command was run using /usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.7.1.jar

三、Hadoop单机配置

Hadoop 默认模式为非分布式模式（本地模式），无需进行其他配置即可运行。

可以执行例子来感受下 Hadoop 的运行。Hadoop 附带了丰富的例子

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop$ ./bin/hadoop jar ./share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.1.jar    

An example program must be given as the first argument.

Valid program names are:

  aggregatewordcount: An Aggregate based map/reduce program that counts the words in the input files.

  aggregatewordhist: An Aggregate based map/reduce program that computes the histogram of the words in the input files.

  bbp: A map/reduce program that uses Bailey-Borwein-Plouffe to compute exact digits of Pi.

  dbcount: An example job that count the pageview counts from a database.

  distbbp: A map/reduce program that uses a BBP-type formula to compute exact bits of Pi.

  grep: A map/reduce program that counts the matches of a regex in the input.

  join: A job that effects a join over sorted, equally partitioned datasets

  multifilewc: A job that counts words from several files.

  pentomino: A map/reduce tile laying program to find solutions to pentomino problems.

  pi: A map/reduce program that estimates Pi using a quasi-Monte Carlo method.

  randomtextwriter: A map/reduce program that writes 10GB of random textual data per node.

  randomwriter: A map/reduce program that writes 10GB of random data per node.

  secondarysort: An example defining a secondary sort to the reduce.

  sort: A map/reduce program that sorts the data written by the random writer.

  sudoku: A sudoku solver.

  teragen: Generate data for the terasort

  terasort: Run the terasort

  teravalidate: Checking results of terasort

  wordcount: A map/reduce program that counts the words in the input files.

  wordmean: A map/reduce program that counts the average length of the words in the input files.

  wordmedian: A map/reduce program that counts the median length of the words in the input files.

  wordstandarddeviation: A map/reduce program that counts the standard deviation of the length of the words in the input files.

$cd /usr/local/hadoop

$sudo mkdir ./input

$sudo cp ./etc/hadoop/*.xml ./input   #将配置文件作为输入文件

$./bin/hadoop jar ./share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-*.jar grep ./input ./output ‘dfs[a-z.]+’

$cat ./output/*          # 查看运行结果

dblab@dblab-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop$ cat ./output/*

1       dfsadmin