Hive是一个基于Hadoop的数据仓库工具,可以用于对存储在Hadoop 文件中的数据集进行数据整理、特殊查询和分析处理。
1.下载安装文件
http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hive/
#下载Hive安装文件
hadoop@dblab:/usr/local$ sudo wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hive/hive-1.2.2/apache-hive-1.2.2-bin.tar.gz
#解压
hadoop@dblab:/usr/local$ sudo tar -zxvf apache-hive-1.2.2-bin.tar.gz -C ./
#将文件夹名改为hive
hadoop@dblab:/usr/local$ sudo mv apache-hive-1.2.2-bin hive
#修改文件权限
hadoop@dblab:/usr/local$ sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop hive
2.配置环境变量
hadoop@dblab:/usr/local$ vim ~/.bashrc
export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive
export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
hadoop@dblab:/usr/local$ source ~/.bashrc
3.启动Hive
hadoop@dblab:/usr/local/hive/conf$ cd /usr/local/hadoop/
hadoop@dblab:/usr/local/hadoop$ ./sbin/start-dfs.sh
hadoop@dblab:/usr/local/hadoop$ cd /usr/local/hive/
hadoop@dblab:/usr/local/hive$ ./bin/hive
hive>
4.Hive基本操作
1)创建数据库Hive
hive> create database hive;
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask. Database hive already exists
hive> create database if not exists hive;
OK
hive> use hive;
OK
2)创建表
hive> create table if not exists usr(id bigint,name string,age int);
OK
hive> create table if not exists hive.usr(id bigint,name string,age int)
> location ‘/usr/local/hive/warehouse/hive/usr’;
OK
Time taken: 0.467 seconds
hive> create external table if not exists hive.usr(id bigint,name string,age int)
> row format delimited fields terminated by ‘,’
> location ‘/usr/local/data’;
OK
Time taken: 0.079 seconds
#在hive数据库中创建分区表usr1,通过复制usr得到
hive> create table if not exists user1 like usr;
OK
hive> show tables;
OK
user1
usr
3)创建视图
hive> create view little_usr as select id,age from usr;
4)修改数据库
hive> alter database hive set dbproperties(‘edit=by’=’lily’);
5)查看数据库
hive> show databases;
default
hive
6)查看表和视图
hive> use hive;
hive> show tables;
little_usr
user1
usr
7)描述数据库
hive> describe database hive;
hive hdfs://localhost:9000/user/hive/warehouse/hive.db hadoop USER
hive> describe database extended hive;
hive hdfs://localhost:9000/user/hive/warehouse/hive.db hadoop USER {edit=by=lily}
8)描术表和视图
hive> describe hive.usr;
id bigint
name string
age int
hive> describe hive.little_usr;
id bigint
age int
9)修改表
#修改表名
hive> alter table usr rename to users;
hive> alter table usr add columns(sex boolean);
10)删除视图
hive> drop view if exists little_usr;
11)删除表
hive> drop table if exists usr;
12)删除数据库
hive> drop database hive;
13)退出Hive
hive> quit;
hive> exit;
原创文章,作者:ItWorker,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/195262.html