在Oracle11g RAC环境下如何处理ORA-00845错误

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因机房空调停电原因机房温度过高而导致两个节点的Oracle11G RAC数据库服务器自动关机。等启动服务器后，发现数据库起不来，如题如下：

[oracle@DB-2 ~]$
sqlplus  / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release
11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Aug 2 10:35:31 2017

Copyright (c) 1982,
2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle
instance.

SQL> startup

ORA-00845:
MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

SQL> exit

原因为初始化参数MEMORY_TARGET或MEMORY_MAX_TARGET不能大于共享内存(/dev/shm),为了解决这个问题，要不调整Oracle初始化参数要不调大/dev/shm。

Oracle原来参数文件相关参数文件如下：

orcl2.memory_max_target=68719476736

orcl1.memory_max_target=68719476736

*.memory_target=30558650368

orcl2.memory_target=68719476736

orcl1.memory_target=6871947673

操作系统的共享内存(/dev/shm)参数如下：

[oracle@DB-1 shm]$
cat /etc/fstab | grep tmpfs

tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults,size=131072M        0 0

通过vi /etc/fstab命令分别修改两个节点的size为64G，如下：

tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults,size=64G       0 0

[oracle@CRXJ-DB-1
~]$ df -h

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vg_crxjdb1-LogVol02

                      2.3T  1.3T  882G  60% /

tmpfs                  64G   34G   30G  54% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1             194M   33M  152M  18% /boot

/dev/mapper/vg_crxjdb1-LogVol01

                      9.9G  151M  9.2G   2% /tmp

重新尝试启动数据库，还是报ORA-00845错误，因此对将初始化参数文件spfile导出成pfile后进行编辑并重新生成spfile，过程如下：

[oracle@DB-1 ~]$
sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release
11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Aug 2 10:36:33 2017

Copyright (c) 1982,
2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle
instance.

SQL> create
spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile_yu.ora';

File created.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.21

编辑相关内容如下：

orcl2.memory_max_target=64424509440

orcl1.memory_max_target=64424509440

*.memory_target=64424509440

orcl2.memory_target=64424509440

orcl1.memory_target=64424509440

重新生成spfile并启动数据库：

SQL> create
spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile_yu.ora';

File created.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.18

SQL> exit

Disconnected

[oracle@DB-1 ~]$
sqlplus  / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release
11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Aug 2 10:40:30 2017

Copyright (c) 1982,
2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle
instance.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance
started.

Total System Global
Area 6.4137E+10 bytes

Fixed Size                  2219552 bytes

Variable Size            3.8118E+10 bytes

Database
Buffers         2.5770E+10 bytes

Redo Buffers              247029760 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL>

数据库启动成功。

在另一个节点也进行类似操作，两个节点数据库都正常启动并运行，应用能正常访问了。

注：在节点一生成完spfile后，在节点二上企图启动数据库，但还是报错：

[oracle@DB-2 ~]$
sqlplus  / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release
11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Aug 2 10:35:31 2017

Copyright (c) 1982,
2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle
instance.

SQL> startup

ORA-00845:
MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

查看操作系统信息：

[oracle@DB-2 ~]$ df
-h|grep shm

tmpfs                  64G  397M   63G   1% /dev/shm

[oracle@DB-2 ~]$
sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release
11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Aug 2 10:46:28 2017

Copyright (c) 1982,
2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle
instance.

SQL> create
pfile='/home/oracle/pfile_yu.ora' from  spfile; 

create
pfile='/home/oracle/pfile_yu.ora' from  spfile

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01565: error in
identifying file '?/dbs/spfile@.ora'

ORA-27037: unable to
obtain file status

Linux-x86_64 Error:
2: No such file or directory

Additional
information: 3

对于以上问题，从节点一把参数文件复制过来后直接生成spfile

[oracle@DB-1
~]$ scp pfile_yu.ora DB-2:/home/oracle/pfile_yu.ora                                                                                                                 100% 1929     1.9KB/s   00:00   

[oracle@DB-2 ~]$
sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release
11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Aug 2 10:54:48 2017

Copyright (c) 1982,
2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle
instance.

SQL> create
spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile_yu.ora';

File created.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance
started.

Total System Global
Area 6.4137E+10 bytes

Fixed Size                  2219552 bytes

Variable Size            3.3554E+10 bytes

Database
Buffers         3.0333E+10 bytes

Redo Buffers              247029760 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> exit

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