Oracle自治事务autonomous_transaction怎么用

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范例
1. 过程中的使用：

非自治事務如下

create or replace procedure
sfis1.nonautonomous_insert_goal

as

begin

    insert into t values('NONAUTONOMOUS
INSERT','1','1');

    commit;

end;

自治事務如下

create or replace procedure
sfis1.autonomous_insert_goal

as pragma
autonomous_transaction;

begin

    insert into t values('AUTONOMOUS
INSERT','1','1');

    commit;

end;

當執行如下（插入兩行）：

begin

insert into t values ('AUTONOMOUS
INSERT','1','1');

NONAUTONOMOUS_INSERT_GOAL;

rollback;

end;

當執行下面（只插入一行）

begin

insert into t values ('AUTONOMOUS
INSERT','1','1');

AUTONOMOUS_INSERT_GOAL;

rollback;  end;

 2.trigger 中的使用：

 觸發器只commit該觸發的信息，觸發器之外的不會commit

create table emp

as

select * from scott.emp;

create table audit_tab

( username varchar2(30) default user,

timestamp date default sysdate,

msg varchar2(4000))

 
只有他的老板才能更新他的信息

create or replace trigger
sfis1.emp_audit

before update on sfis1.emp for each row

declare

pragma
autonomous_transaction;

l_cnt number;

begin

select count(*) into l_cnt from dual

where exists ( select null from emp where empno = :new.empno

start with mgr = ( select
empno from emp where ename = user )

connect by prior empno = mgr );

 if ( l_cnt = 0 )

 then

 insert into audit_tab
( msg )values ('Attempt
to update'|| :new.empno );

 commit;

 raise_application_error(-20001,'Access
Denied');

 end if;

 end;

3.對对select查询语句的审计方法

create table sfis1.audit_trail

(username
varchar2(30 byte), pk
number,attribute
varchar2(30 byte),

 Dataum
varchar2(255 byte),timestamp  date)

查詢及記錄用視圖，當查詢含sal, comm, hiredate記錄時插入審計表

create or replace force view sfis1.emp_v

(empno, ename, job, mgr, sal, comm, hiredate, deptno)

as

   select empno, ename, job, mgr,

        audit_trail_pkg.record (empno, 'sal', sal) sal,

        audit_trail_pkg.record (empno, 'comm', comm) comm,

audit_trail_pkg.record (empno, 'hiredate', hiredate) hiredate,

deptno
from   emp;

CREATE OR REPLACE package
SFIS1.audit_trail_pkg

as

function record(
p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in number ) return number;

function record(
p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in varchar2 ) return varchar2;

function record(
p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in date ) return date;

end;

create or replace package body sfis1.audit_trail_pkg

as

procedure log( p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in varchar2 )

as

pragma
autonomous_transaction;

begin

    insert into audit_trail values( user, p_pk, p_attr, p_dataum, sysdate );

    commit;

end;

function record(
p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in number ) return number

is

begin

    log( p_pk, p_attr, p_dataum );

    return
p_dataum;

end;

function record(
p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in varchar2 ) return varchar2

is

begin

    log( p_pk, p_attr, p_dataum );

    return
p_dataum;

end;

function record(
p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in date ) return date

is

begin

    log( p_pk, p_attr,to_char(p_dataum,'dd.mon.yyyy
hh34:mi:ss') );

    return
p_dataum;

end;

end;

 
结束自治事务：
为了结束自治事务，必须发出一个完成的COMMIT或ROLLBACK，或执行DDL（隐含COMMIT）。當自主事務做出SET
TRANSACTION或SAVEPOINT時，自主事務將自動開始。

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