本篇内容介绍了“Shell字符串相关操作方法是什么”的有关知识,在实际案例的操作过程中,不少人都会遇到这样的困境,接下来就让小编带领大家学习一下如何处理这些情况吧!希望大家仔细阅读,能够学有所成!
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Shell中针对字符串的操作有很多。结合代码示例会比较容易理解
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通过单引号拼接字符串
################### 使用单引号拼接字符串 ################### name1='white' str1='hello, '${name1}'' str2='hello, ${name1}' echo ${str1}_${str2} # Output: # hello, white_hello, ${name1} name3='green' str5='hello,'${name3}'' str6='hello, ${name3}' echo ${str5}_${str6}
运行结果如下:
hello, white_hello, ${name1} hello,green_hello, ${name3}
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通过双引号拼接字符串
################### 使用双引号拼接字符串 ################### name2="black" str3="hello, "${name2}"" str4="hello, ${name2}" echo ${str3}_${str4} # Output: # hello, black_hello, black name4='pink' str7="hello, "${name4}"" str8="hello, ${name4}" echo ${str7}_${str8}
运行结果如下:
hello, black_hello, black hello, pink_hello, pink
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获取字符串长度信息
################### 获取字符串长度 ################### text="12345" echo "${text} length is: ${#text}" # Output: # 12345 length is: 5 text1="qwert" echo "${text1} length is: ${#text1}" # 获取子字符串 text="12345" echo ${text:2:2} # Output: # 34 text="asdfghjkl" echo ${text:3:4} #fghj
运行结果如下:
12345 length is: 5 qwert length is: 5 34 fghj
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查找字符串中对应的子串的索引,索引值从1开始计数。
################### 查找子字符串对应的索引 ################### text="hello" echo `expr index "${text}" ll` # Output: # 3 # 索引从 1 开始记录 string_test="linux world" echo `expr index "${string_test}" w` # 7
运行结果如下:
3 7
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逻辑判断字符串中是否包含子字符串
################### 判断字符串中是否包含子字符串 ################### str="new_feature/" result=$(echo "${str}" | grep "feature/") if [[ "$result" != "" ]]; then echo "feature/ 是 ${str} 的子字符串" else echo "feature/ 不是 ${str} 的子字符串" fi
运行结果如下:
feature/ 是 new_feature/ 的子字符串
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shell获取字符串特定模式匹配右边的内容
################### 截取关键字右边内容 ################### full_branch="feature/1.0.0" branch=`echo ${full_branch#feature/}` echo "branch is ${branch}" full_name="aaa_bbb" right_half=`echo ${full_name#aaa_}` echo "right half of ${full_name} is ${right_half}"
运行结果如下:
branch is 1.0.0 right half of aaa_bbb is bbb
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shell获取字符串特定模式匹配左边的内容
################### 截取关键字左边内容 ################### full_version="0.0.1-SNAPSHOT" version=`echo ${full_version%-SNAPSHOT}` echo "version is ${version}" full_address="california-kk" left_address=`echo ${full_address%-kk}` echo "left_address is ${left_address}"
运行结果如下:
version is 0.0.1 left_address is california
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将字符串分割成数组
################### 字符串分割成数组 ################### str="0.0.0.1" OLD_IFS="$IFS" IFS="." array=( ${str} ) IFS="$OLD_IFS" size=${#array[*]} lastIndex=`expr ${size} - 1` echo "数组长度:${size}" echo "最后一个数组元素:${array[${lastIndex}]}" for item in ${array[@]} do echo "$item" done ip_address="192.168.1.1" OLD_IFS="$IFS" IFS="." array=( ${ip_address} ) IFS="$OLD_IFS" ip_size=${#array[*]} lastIndex=`expr ${ip_size} - 1` firstIndex=`expr ${ip_size} - 4` echo "IP地址对应的数组长度:${ip_size}" echo "IP地址的第一段对应是:${array[${firstIndex}]}" for element in ${array[@]} do echo ${element} done
运行结果如下:
数组长度:4 最后一个数组元素:1 0 0 0 1 IP地址对应的数组长度:4 IP地址的第一段对应是:192 192 168 1 1
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逻辑判断字符串是否为空
################### 判断字符串是否为空 ################### #-n 判断长度是否非零 #-z 判断长度是否为零 str=testing str2='' if [[ -n "$str" ]] then echo "The string $str is not empty" else echo "The string $str is empty" fi if [[ -n "$str2" ]] then echo "The string $str2 is not empty" else echo "The string $str2 is empty" fi if [[ -z $str2 ]] then echo "==The string $str2 is empty==" else echo "The string $str2 is not empty" fi # Output: # The string testing is not empty # The string is empty
运行结果如下:
The string testing is not empty The string is empty ==The string is empty==
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字符串比较逻辑
################### 字符串比较 ################### str=hello str2=world if [[ $str = "hello" ]]; then echo "str equals hello" else echo "str not equals hello" fi if [[ $str2 = "hello" ]]; then echo "str2 equals hello" else echo "str2 not equals hello" fi str3=linux if [[ $str3 = "linux" ]];then echo "str3 equals linux" else echo "str3 not equal linux" fi
运行结果如下:
str equals hello str2 not equals hello str3 equals linux
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原创文章,作者:kirin,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/219684.html