How to Save a File in Vi / Vim & Exit

Introduction

Vim (Vi IMproved) is an open-source text editor for Unix or Linux systems. It is a powerful and stable tool for editing and writing text, both in the command-line interface and as an independent application in a GUI.

Take the first step in learning Vim with the basic saving commands. Follow this guide and learn how to save a file in Vim / vi and exit the editor.

Prerequisites

• Ubuntu 18.04 Bionic Beaver
• A user with sudo privileges
• Access to a terminal/command line
• The apt tool, pre-loaded in Ubuntu and other Debian-based distros.

Using Vim Modes

When Vim launches, files are opened in command mode by default. This means that you can move around and edit the file, but cannot insert new text.

All alphanumeric keys in this mode are equal to commands, and pressing them will not display their value on the screen. For example, pressing the letter w will move the cursor one word forward.

To type text, you must be in insert mode. To switch to insert mode, press the i key. Now you can type text into a file.

To switch back to command mode, press the ESC button.

How to Save Changes in Vim

Vim Save and Quit Command

To save a file and exit Vim:

1. Switch to command mode by pressing the ESC key.

2. Press : (colon) to open the prompt bar in the bottom left corner of the window.

3. Type x after the colon and hit Enter. This will save the changes and exit.

Alternatively, a command that will also save a file and exit the text editor is:

:wq

In which case the w stands for write (=save) and q stands for quit.

How to Save a File in Vi / Vim Without Exiting

To save a file without exiting in Vim:

1. Switch to command mode by pressing the ESC key.

2. Type : (colon). This will open the prompt bar in the bottom left corner of the window.

3. Type w after the colon and hit Enter. This will save in Vim the changes made to the file, without exiting.

You can also rename an existing file by adding the new name after the commands.

:w [newfilename]

In the picture below, we renamed the existing example1.txt into newexample.

Exit Without Saving Changes in Vi / Vim

To exit Vim without saving changes:

1. Switch to command mode by pressing the ESC key.

2. Press : (colon) to open the prompt bar in the bottom left corner of the window.

3. Type q! after the colon and hit Enter to exit without saving the changes.

Conclusion

This article explained how to save files in Vi / Vim, with multiple command options.

The more comfortable you feel using keyboard shortcuts, the more you will understand why Vim earned its worldwide reputation. Next learn how to copy and paste in Vim!