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LVM 管理之一：扩容VG/LV

• 数据库

这节主要演练在线扩容 VG 和 LV 。

动态扩容 VG

1.1 查看硬盘信息

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[root@pgb lvm]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/hda: 19.3 GB, 19327352832 bytes  
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2349 cylinders  
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System  
/dev/hda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux  
/dev/hda2 14 144 1052257+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris  
/dev/hda3 145 2349 17711662+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/hdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes  
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4161 cylinders  
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System  
/dev/hdb1 1 1985 1000408+ 83 Linux  
/dev/hdb2 1986 4161 1096704 83 Linux
Disk /dev/hdd: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes  
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2080 cylinders  
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System  
/dev/hdd1 1 2080 1048288+ 83 Linux
  
[root@pgb lvm]# pvscan  
 PV /dev/hdb1 VG vg01_pgdata lvm2 [976.00 MB / 972.00 MB free]  
 PV /dev/hdd1 VG vg01_pgdata lvm2 [1020.00 MB / 0 free]  
 Total: 2 [1.95 GB] / in use: 2 [1.95 GB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]

备注：根据 fdisk 和 pvscan 命令输出，知道 /dev/hdb2 还没有加入 VG， 可以使用，接下来将 /dev/hdb2 加入 VG vg01_pgdata。

1.2 查看 VG 信息

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[root@pgb lvm]# vgdisplay  
 --- Volume group ---  
 VG Name vg01_pgdata  
 System ID  
 Format lvm2  
 Metadata Areas 2  
 Metadata Sequence No 2  
 VG Access read/write  
 VG Status resizable  
 MAX LV 0  
 Cur LV 1  
 Open LV 1  
 Max PV 0  
 Cur PV 2  
 Act PV 2  
 VG Size 1.95 GB PE Size 4.00 MB  
 Total PE 499  
 Alloc PE / Size 256 / 1.00 GB  
 Free PE / Size 243 / 972.00 MB  
 VG UUID B5pg8R-2AGm-6DEp-K7HK-TI1I-HC3h-gWx32m

1.3 格式化文件系统

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[root@pgb lvm]# mkfs -t ext3 -c /dev/hdb2  
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)  
Filesystem label=  
OS type: Linux  
Block size=4096 (log=2)  
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)  
137088 inodes, 274176 blocks  
13708 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user  
First data block=0  
Maximum filesystem blocks=281018368  
9 block groups  
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group  
15232 inodes per group  
Superblock backups stored on blocks:  
 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done  
Writing inode tables: done  
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done  
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 28 mounts or  
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1.4 创建PV

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[root@pgb lvm]# pvcreate /dev/hdb2  
 Physical volume "/dev/hdb2" successfully created

1.5 在线扩容 VG

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[root@pgb lvm]# vgs  
 VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree  
 vg01_pgdata 2 1 0 wz--n- 1.95G 972.00M
[root@pgb lvm]# vgextend vg01_pgdata /dev/hdb2  
 Volume group "vg01_pgdata" successfully extended  
  
[root@pgb lvm]# vgs  
 VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree  
 vg01_pgdata 3 1 0 wz--n- 2.99G 1.99G

1.6 再次查看 VG，查看是否扩容

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[root@pgb lvm]# vgdisplay  
 --- Volume group ---  
 VG Name vg01_pgdata  
 System ID  
 Format lvm2  
 Metadata Areas 3  
 Metadata Sequence No 3  
 VG Access read/write  
 VG Status resizable  
 MAX LV 0  
 Cur LV 1  
 Open LV 1  
 Max PV 0  
 Cur PV 3  
 Act PV 3  
 VG Size 2.99 GB  
 PE Size 4.00 MB  
 Total PE 766  
 Alloc PE / Size 256 / 1.00 GB  
 Free PE / Size 510 / 1.99 GB  
 VG UUID B5pg8R-2AGm-6DEp-K7HK-TI1I-HC3h-gWx32m

备注：现在 vg01_pgdata 大小为 3 GB 左右，已成功扩容 1 GB。

动态扩容 LV

目标给已在线上使用的LV 扩容，在以下例子中，给目录 /database/pgdata1 扩容 512 M。
2.1 查看目录使用情况

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[root@pgb lvm]# df -hv  
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on  
/dev/hda3 17G 9.8G 5.8G 64% /  
/dev/hda1 99M 18M 76M 20% /boot  
tmpfs 217M 0 217M 0% /dev/shm  
none 217M 104K 217M 1% /var/lib/xenstored  
/dev/mapper/vg01_pgdata-lv_pgdata1  
 1008M 34M 924M 4% /database/pgdata1

2.2 查看所属 VG 信息

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[root@pgb lvm]# vgdisplay  
 --- Volume group ---  
 VG Name vg01_pgdata  
 System ID  
 Format lvm2  
 Metadata Areas 3  
 Metadata Sequence No 3  
 VG Access read/write  
 VG Status resizable  
 MAX LV 0  
 Cur LV 1  
 Open LV 1  
 Max PV 0  
 Cur PV 3  
 Act PV 3  
 VG Size 2.99 GB  
 PE Size 4.00 MB  
 Total PE 766  
 Alloc PE / Size 256 / 1.00 GB  
 Free PE / Size 510 / 1.99 GB  
 VG UUID B5pg8R-2AGm-6DEp-K7HK-TI1I-HC3h-gWx32m

备注：从上面看出，VG vg01_pgdata 最大可用空间为 2.99 GB, 目前已分配 1 GB，还剩余 1.99 GB 可以分配。

2.3 增加 LV 大小

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[root@pgb lvm]# lvextend -L +512M /dev/mapper/vg01_pgdata-lv_pgdata1  
 Extending logical volume lv_pgdata1 to 1.50 GB  
 Logical volume lv_pgdata1 successfully resized  

[root@pgb lvm]# df -hv  
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on  
/dev/hda3 17G 9.9G 5.8G 64% /  
/dev/hda1 99M 18M 76M 20% /boot  
tmpfs 217M 0 217M 0% /dev/shm  
none 217M 104K 217M 1% /var/lib/xenstored  
/dev/mapper/vg01_pgdata-lv_pgdata1  
 1008M 34M 924M 4% /database/pgdata1

备注： LV 扩容成功，但目录 /database/pgdata1 大小仍然为 1G，没有变化。还需要 resize2fs 命令处理下。

2.4 resize2fs

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[root@pgb lvm]# resize2fs -f /dev/mapper/vg01_pgdata-lv_pgdata1  
resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)  
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg01_pgdata-lv_pgdata1 is mounted on /database/pgdata1; on-line resizing required  
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg01_pgdata-lv_pgdata1 to 524288 (4k) blocks.  
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg01_pgdata-lv_pgdata1 is now 524288 blocks long.

2.5 再次查看

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[root@pgb lvm]# df -hv  
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on  
/dev/hda3 17G 9.8G 5.8G 64% /  
/dev/hda1 99M 18M 76M 20% /boot  
tmpfs 217M 0 217M 0% /dev/shm  
none 217M 104K 217M 1% /var/lib/xenstored  
/dev/mapper/vg01_pgdata-lv_pgdata1  
 1.5G 34M 1.4G 3% /database/pgdata1

备注：目录 /database/pgdata1 空间果然变大了。

原创文章，作者：506227337，如若转载，请注明出处：https://blog.ytso.com/237829.html

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