Docker hub官方链接: https://hub.docker.com
部署Nginx
官方已经给出了方法: https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx
运行容器
$ docker run --name nginx-server -v /opt/nginx-server:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro -d nginx
使用–name为容器命名，使用-v将指定的宿主机的目录挂载到指定的容器中的目录，并且赋予一个read-only权限，使用-d则是创建为守护进程。如果本地并没有该容器，那么Docker会自动下载镜像，如果没有显式地指定tag，则默认使用latest
$ sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ff6b4d326548 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 18 seconds ago Up 17 seconds 80/tcp nginx-server
使用docker ps查看运行的容器
$ sudo docker inspect ff6 | grep IPAddress
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
使用docker inspect查看容器信息并进行匹配，得到容器的IP地址
$ curl http://172.17.0.2
<html>
<head><title>403 Forbidden</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>403 Forbidden</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.23.1</center>
</body>
</html>
使用curl发起http请求，发现403禁止访问，因为nginx还未配置首页html文件，向上述挂载的宿主机目录下写入一个html文件
$ sudo echo "nginx is working" > /opt/nginx-server/index.html
再次访问:
$ curl http://172.17.0.2
nginx is working
暴露端口
仅仅通过上述流程的话，只有宿主机之外的机器是没办法访问容器的，这时使用端口映射，将宿主机的端口映射到容器的端口上
$ sudo docker run -d -p 8080:80 --name nginx-server-port -v /opt/nginx-server-port:/usr/share/html:ro nginx
使用-p建立端口映射，使用docker ps可以查看到端口信息:
$ sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1a64b2782138 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 13 minutes ago Up 13 minutes 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp, :::8080->80/tcp nginx-server-port
访问通过宿主机的IP:端口就可以访问(如果防火墙没有拦截)
配置文件
启动容器:
$ sudo docker run -d -p 8080:80 --name nginx-server-port -v /opt/nginx-server-port:/usr/share/html:ro nginx
cd94235a9a4d937887b83ff7ff2dcc4323d03db9bea95a145b9314fcba43bf5f
使用docker top查看容器中进程:
$ sudo docker top cd9
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 16969 16948 0 23:16 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
systemd+ 17037 16969 0 23:16 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
systemd+ 17038 16969 0 23:16 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
systemd+ 17039 16969 0 23:16 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
systemd+ 17040 16969 0 23:16 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
systemd+ 17041 16969 0 23:16 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
...
拷贝文件
现在将容器中的Nginx的配置文件拷贝出来
$ sudo mkdir /opt/nginxcon
$ sudo docker cp nginx-server-port:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /opt/nginxcon/
如上所示拷贝到了nginxcon目录下，使用cat查看
$ sudo cat /opt/nginxcon/nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
写入文件
将配置文件的worker_processes改成2，尝试写回文件
挂载配置文件并且启动容器:
$ sudo docker run -d /
> -p 9090:80 --name nginx-server-conf /
> -v /opt/nginx-server-conf:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro /
> -v /opt/nginxcon/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro /
> nginx
使用-p建立端口映射，-v挂载目录，此处将配置文件和HTML目录都进行挂载
使用top命令查看:
$ sudo docker top ac4
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 18903 18882 0 23:32 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
systemd+ 18968 18903 0 23:32 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
systemd+ 18969 18903 0 23:32 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
确实只有两个worker process了
在容器中执行一个cat命令也可以查看:
$ sudo docker exec -it nginx-server-conf cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
...
部署Tomcat
官方: https://hub.docker.com/_/tomcat
不暴露端口安装
$ sudo docker run -d --rm tomcat:9.0
直接一个命令进行安装并启动，–rm表示容器停止后就删除这个容器，可以看到容器正在运行:
$ sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3fbae2e0fd13 tomcat:9.0 "catalina.sh run" About a minute ago Up About a minute 8080/tcp gifted_ptolemy
查看IP地址:
$ sudo docker inspect 3fb | grep IPAddress
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
使用curl访问:
$ curl http://172.17.0.2:8080
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><title>HTTP Status 404 – Not Found</title><style type="text/css">body {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;} h1, h2, h3, b {color:white;background-color:#525D76;} h1 {font-size:22px;} h2 {font-size:16px;} h3 {font-size:14px;} p {font-size:12px;} a {color:black;} .line {height:1px;background-color:#525D76;border:none;}</style></head><body><h1>HTTP Status 404 – Not Found</h1><hr class="line" /><p><b>Type</b> Status Report</p><p><b>Description</b> The origin server did not find a current representation for the target resource or is not willing to disclose that one exists.</p><hr class="line" /><h3>Apache Tomcat/9.0.64</h3></body></html>
页面返回404 Not Found，因为还未创建网站首页，页面没有被发现
暴露端口并添加网页
同样可以使用-p进行端口映射，将宿主机端口映射到容器上，这时通过主机IP地址就可以访问
$ sudo docker run -d -p 8080:8080 -v /opt/tomcat-server:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT tomcat:9.0
b5c3ba3f2e94d7fe5d3dd54fa075c3d10b225483e98f2f54976feb744e69a52d
将8080端口进行映射，并且进行目录的挂载
echo "tomcat running" > /opt/tomcat-server/index.html
向宿主机挂载目录写入信息
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:8080
tomcat running
得到了正常的页面
原创文章，作者：kepupublish，如若转载，请注明出处：https://blog.ytso.com/275988.html