6.xtrabackup实现全量+增量+binlog恢复库
利用xtrabackup8.0 完全，增量备份及还原MySQL8.0
1 备份过程
1）完全备份：
[root@CentOS8 ~]# yum install -y percona-xtrabackup-80-8.0.26-18.1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos8 ~]#mkdir /backup/
[root@centos8 ~]#xtrabackup -uroot -pmagedu –backup –target-dir=/backup/base
[root@centos8 ~]# du -sh /backup/base/
71M /backup/base/
2）第一次修改数据
[root@CentOS8 backup]# mysql -uroot -pMmagedu0!
(root@localhost) [(none)]> show databases;
+——————–+
| Database |
+——————–+
| hellodb |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+——————–+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
(root@localhost) [(none)]> use hellodb;
(root@localhost) [hellodb]> show tables;
+——————-+
| Tables_in_hellodb |
+——————-+
| classes |
| coc |
| courses |
| scores |
| students |
| teachers |
| toc |
+——————-+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
(root@localhost) [hellodb]> select * from students;
+——-+—————+—–+——–+———+———–+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+——-+—————+—–+——–+———+———–+
| 1 | Shi Zhongyu | 22 | M | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | Shi Potian | 22 | M | 1 | 7 |
| 3 | Xie Yanke | 53 | M | 2 | 16 |
| 4 | Ding Dian | 32 | M | 4 | 4 |
| 5 | Yu Yutong | 26 | M | 3 | 1 |
| 6 | Shi Qing | 46 | M | 5 | NULL |
| 7 | Xi Ren | 19 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 8 | Lin Daiyu | 17 | F | 7 | NULL |
| 9 | Ren Yingying | 20 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 10 | Yue Lingshan | 19 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 11 | Yuan Chengzhi | 23 | M | 6 | NULL |
| 12 | Wen Qingqing | 19 | F | 1 | NULL |
| 13 | Tian Boguang | 33 | M | 2 | NULL |
| 14 | Lu Wushuang | 17 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 15 | Duan Yu | 19 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 16 | Xu Zhu | 21 | M | 1 | NULL |
| 17 | Lin Chong | 25 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 18 | Hua Rong | 23 | M | 7 | NULL |
| 19 | Xue Baochai | 18 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 20 | Diao Chan | 19 | F | 7 | NULL |
| 21 | Huang Yueying | 22 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 22 | Xiao Qiao | 20 | F | 1 | NULL |
| 23 | Ma Chao | 23 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 24 | Xu Xian | 27 | M | NULL | NULL |
| 25 | Sun Dasheng | 100 | M | NULL | NULL |
+——-+—————+—–+——–+———+———–+
(root@localhost) [hellodb]> insert students (name,age) values (‘zhang wuji’,18);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
(root@localhost) [hellodb]> select * from students where name=’zhang wuji’;
+——-+————+—–+——–+———+———–+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+——-+————+—–+——–+———+———–+
| 26 | zhang wuji | 18 | F | NULL | NULL |
+——-+————+—–+——–+———+———–+
3）第一次增量备份
[root@centos8 ~]#xtrabackup -uroot -pmagedu –backup –target-dir=/backup/inc1 — incremental-basedir=/backup/base
[root@CentOS8 backup]# ls /backup/
base inc1
[root@centos8 ~]#cat /backup/inc1/xtrabackup_info
[root@CentOS8 inc1]# cat xtrabackup_info
uuid = a0bce652-0f2c-11ed-8609-000c298fbddd
name =
tool_name = xtrabackup
tool_command = -uroot -pMmagedu0! –backup –target-dir=/backup/inc1 –incremental-basedir=/backup/base
tool_version = 8.0.26-18
ibbackup_version = 8.0.26-18
server_version = 8.0.26
start_time = 2022-07-29 18:53:04
end_time = 2022-07-29 18:53:06
lock_time = 0
binlog_pos = filename ‘binlog.000003’, position ‘156’
innodb_from_lsn = 18242993
innodb_to_lsn = 18243411
partial = N
incremental = Y
format = file
compressed = N
encrypted = N
[root@centos8 ~]#cat /backup/inc1/xtrabackup_checkpoints
[root@centos8 ~]#cat /backup/inc1/xtrabackup_binlog_info
4）第二次修改数据
[root@CentOS8 inc1]# mysql -uroot -pMmagedu0!
(root@localhost) [(none)]> use hellodb;
(root@localhost) [hellodb]> insert into students (name,age) values (‘zhao miin’,17);
(root@localhost) [hellodb]> select * from students where name=’zhao min’;
+——-+———-+—–+——–+———+———–+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+——-+———-+—–+——–+———+———–+
| 27 | zhao min | 17 | F | NULL | NULL |
+——-+———-+—–+——–+———+———–+
5）第二次增量
[root@centos8 ~]#xtrabackup -uroot -pmagedu –backup –target-dir=/backup/inc2 –incremental-basedir=/backup/inc1
[root@CentOS8 inc1]# ls /backup/
base inc1 inc2
#查看xtrabackup相关文件
root@centos8 ~]#cat /backup/inc2/xtrabackup_info
[root@CentOS8 inc1]# cat /backup/inc2/xtrabackup_info
uuid = c5bc696a-0f2d-11ed-8609-000c298fbddd
name =
tool_name = xtrabackup
tool_command = -uroot -pMmagedu0! –backup –target-dir=/backup/inc2 –incremental-basedir=/backup/inc1
tool_version = 8.0.26-18
ibbackup_version = 8.0.26-18
server_version = 8.0.26
start_time = 2022-07-29 19:01:16
end_time = 2022-07-29 19:01:18
lock_time = 0
binlog_pos = filename ‘binlog.000004’, position ‘156’
innodb_from_lsn = 18243411
innodb_to_lsn = 18243817
partial = N
incremental = Y
format = file
compressed = N
encrypted = N
[root@centos8 ~]#cat /backup/inc2/xtrabackup_binlog_info
6）[root@CentOS8 inc1]# scp -r /backup/* 10.0.0.18:/backup/
root@10.0.0.18’s password:
xtrabackup_logfile 100% 2560 1.1MB/s 00:00
ibdata1 100% 12MB 28.7MB/s 00:00
sys_config.ibd 100% 112KB 16.8MB/s 00:00
classes.ibd 100% 112KB 6.6MB/s 00:00
coc.ibd 100% 112KB 28.0MB/s 00:00
courses.ibd 100% 112KB 28.8MB/s 00:00
scores.ibd 100% 112KB 28.1MB/s 00:00
students.ibd 100% 112KB 30.1MB/s 00:00
teachers.ibd 100% 112KB 25.6MB/s 00:00
toc.ibd 100% 112KB 23.3MB/s 00:00
#备份过程生成三个备份目录 /backup/{base，inc1，inc2}
[root@CentOS8 ~]# hostname -I
10.0.0.18
[root@CentOS8 ~]# ls /backup/
base inc1 inc2
7) 模拟数据库破坏
Yum安装数据库目录在/var/lib/mysql中
[root@CentOS8 inc1]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf ‘#ib_16384_1.dblwr’ mysqlx.sock
binlog.000001 ib_buffer_pool mysqlx.sock.lock
binlog.000002 ibdata1 performance_schema
binlog.000003 ib_logfile0 private_key.pem
binlog.000004 ib_logfile1 public_key.pem
binlog.index ibtmp1 server-cert.pem
ca-key.pem ‘#innodb_temp’ server-key.pem
ca.pem mysql sys
client-cert.pem mysql.ibd undo_001
client-key.pem mysql.sock undo_002
hellodb mysql.sock.lock
‘#ib_16384_0.dblwr’ mysql_upgrade_info
[root@CentOS8 inc1]# mv /var/lib/mysql /usr/local/
[root@CentOS8 inc1]# ls /var/lib/mysql
ls: cannot access ‘/var/lib/mysql’: No such file or directory
[root@CentOS8 backup]# systemctl restart mysql
Failed to restart mysql.service: Unit mysql.service not found.
[root@CentOS8 backup]# mysql -uroot -pMmage0!
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock’ (2)
2还原过程
1）预准备完全备份，此选项–apply-log-only 阻止回滚未完成的事务
[root@centos8 ~]#xtrabackup –prepare –apply-log-only –target-dir=/backup/base
2）合并第1次增量备份到完全备份
[root@centos8 ~]#xtrabackup –prepare –apply-log-only –target-dir=/backup/base –incremental-dir=/backup/inc1
3）合并第2次增量备份到完全备份：最后一次还原不需要加选项–apply-log-only
[root@centos8 ~]#xtrabackup –prepare –target-dir=/backup/base –incremental-
dir=/backup/inc2
4）复制到数据库目录，注意数据库目录必须为空，MySQL服务不能启动
[root@centos8 ~]#xtrabackup –copy-back –target-dir=/backup/base
5）还原属性：
[root@centos8 ~]#chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
6）启动服务：
[root@centos8 ~]#service mysqld start
可以看到数据库修好，能重新登录
[root@CentOS8 ~]# mysql -uroot -pMmagedu0!
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.26 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘/h’ for help. Type ‘/c’ to clear the current input statement.
(root@localhost) [(none)]> use hellodb;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
(root@localhost) [hellodb]> select * from st
status students.ClassID students.StuID
students students.Gender students.TeacherID
students.Age students.Name
(root@localhost) [hellodb]> select * from students;
+——-+—————+—–+——–+———+———–+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+——-+—————+—–+——–+———+———–+
| 1 | Shi Zhongyu | 22 | M | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | Shi Potian | 22 | M | 1 | 7 |
原创文章，作者：wure，如若转载，请注明出处：https://blog.ytso.com/277987.html