scrapy.Request深度爬取火影忍者人物详情并持久化存储到MySQL

1.创建项目

scrapy startproject Naruto
cd Naruto

2.创建爬虫文件

scrapy genspider naruto http://www.4399dmw.com/huoying/renwu/

3.项目结构

 4.修改配置（settings）

ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False robots协议改为False
LOG_LEVEL = 'ERROR' # 输出日志
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   # 'NaRuTo.pipelines.NarutoPipeline': 300,
   'NaRuTo.pipelines.MysqlPileLine': 300,
} # 管道

5.爬虫文件（spiders下面的naruto）

import scrapy
from NaRuTo.items import NarutoItem

class NarutoSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'naruto'
    # allowed_domains = ['www.xxx.com']
    start_urls = ['http://www.4399dmw.com/huoying/renwu/']

    def parse(self, response):
        # 解析出子页面的url
        href = response.xpath('//*[@id="iga"]/li/a/@href').extract()
        # 因为里面有重复的url，利用set方法去重
        new_href = list(set(href))

        for url in new_href:
            # 拼接成完整的url连接
            in_url = 'http://www.4399dmw.com' + url

            try:
                # 请求传参，将request继续交给scrapy引擎自动爬取并通过回调函数返回结果
                yield scrapy.Request(url=in_url,
                                     callback=self.parse_content)
            except Exception as e:
                print('请求失败:', e)

    # 处理详情页数据
    def parse_content(self, response):
        # div_list = response.xpath('//*[@id="j-lazyimg"]/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div/div[2]')
        # for div in div_list:
        # 姓名
        name = response.xpath('//*[@id="j-lazyimg"]/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/h1/text()').extract_first()
        # 详情
        detail = response.xpath('//*[@id="j-lazyimg"]/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/p[1]/text()').extract_first()
        # 个人介绍
        introduce = response.xpath('//*[@id="j-lazyimg"]/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/p//text()').extract()
        # 把爬取到的字符串里面的什么u3000替换为空（我也不知道是啥）
        new_introduce = ''.join(introduce).replace('/u3000', '').replace('/xa0', '')

        # 把爬取到的内容封装到字典里面
        all_data = {
            "name": name,
            "detail": detail,
            "introduce": new_introduce
        }

        # 实例化NarutoItem()
        item = NarutoItem()

        item['name'] = all_data['name']
        item['detail'] = all_data['detail']
        item['introduce'] = all_data['introduce']

        # 把item传入到管道（pipelines）
        yield item

6.item.py

import scrapy


class NarutoItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = scrapy.Field()
    name = scrapy.Field()  # 忍者姓名
    detail = scrapy.Field()  # 发布详情
    introduce = scrapy.Field()  # 忍者介绍

7.管道（pipelines）

import pymysql


class MysqlPileLine(object):
    conn = None
    cursor = None

    def open_spider(self, spider):
        # 连接MySQL
        self.conn = pymysql.Connect(
            host='127.0.0.1',
            port=3306,
            user='root',
            password='***********',
            db='naruto',
            charset='utf8'
        )

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        # 游标
        self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()
        insert_sql = 'insert into all_naruto_data values ("%s", "%s", "%s")' % (item['name'], item['detail'], item['introduce'])
        try:
            # 提交sql
            self.cursor.execute(insert_sql)
            self.conn.commit()
        except Exception as e:
            print('插入失败：', e)
            self.conn.rollback()
        return item

    # 关闭连接
    def close_spider(self, spider):
        self.cursor.close()
        self.conn.close()

7.忍者数据（一部分）