Linux空硬盘从分区到挂载详解程序员

(1).临时挂载:
[[email protected] 桌面]# fdisk /dev/sdb 
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel 
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x4ef8fb05. 
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. 
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. 
 
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) 
 
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to 
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to 
         sectors (command 'u'). 
 
Command (m for help): n    //新建分区 
Command action 
   e   extended 
   p   primary partition (1-4) 
p  //创建主分区 
Partition number (1-4): 1  //分区号 
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1):   //起始位置,一般默认即可 
Using default value 1 
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610):   //给定的大小,不是默认一定要有加号'+' 
Using default value 2610 
 
Command (m for help): w    //保存退出 
The partition table has been altered! 
 
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. 
Syncing disks. 
[[email protected] 桌面]# mkdir /newpar    //创建挂载的文件夹 
//ext4格式化,xfs格式化就是mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1 
[[email protected] 桌面]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1    //如果已经存在文件系统,需要使用-f选项对分区强制格式化 
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) 
文件系统标签= 
操作系统:Linux 
块大小=4096 (log=2) 
分块大小=4096 (log=2) 
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 
1310720 inodes, 5241198 blocks 
262059 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 
第一个数据块=0 
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 
160 block groups 
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 
8192 inodes per group 
Superblock backups stored on blocks:  
	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,  
	4096000 
 
正在写入inode表: 完成                             
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成 
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 
 
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 22 mounts or 
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. 
[[email protected] 桌面]# mount /dev/sdb1 /newpar    //将分区挂载 
[[email protected] 桌面]# df -h    //查看挂载情况 
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on 
/dev/mapper/vg_centos6-lv_root 
                       50G  3.7G   43G   8% / 
tmpfs                 932M  228K  932M   1% /dev/shm 
/dev/sda1             477M   40M  412M   9% /boot 
/dev/mapper/vg_centos6-lv_home 
                       45G   52M   43G   1% /home 
/dev/sdb1              20G   44M   19G   1% /newpar

   注意:CentOS7默认文件系统是xfs,CentOS6默认文件系统是ext4

(2).永久挂载

  永久挂载方法一:使用分区名挂载

  使用命令’vim /etc/fstab’进入文件增加一行

/dev/sdb1               /newpar                 ext4    defaults        0 0  

   永久挂载方法二:使用UUID挂载(建议使用UUID)

[[email protected] ~]# blkid 
/dev/sda1: UUID="0516ad0c-a018-41a2-a384-f607ed06db40" TYPE="xfs"  
/dev/sda2: UUID="81986899-73d9-4029-b5bb-a30e652d766c" TYPE="swap"  
/dev/sda3: UUID="526be8cd-59d8-4ffa-bb0b-9ac8ad2a02af" TYPE="xfs"  
/dev/sdb1: UUID="da309857-1362-4ff8-8219-ddc1d177755f" TYPE="xfs"  
/dev/sr0: UUID="2018-05-03-20-55-23-00" LABEL="CentOS 7 x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTTYPE="dos"  
[[email protected] ~]# echo "UUID=da309857-1362-4ff8-8219-ddc1d177755f /sdb1 xfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab  

  在重启系统前可以先使用命令’mount -a’检测是否可以正常运行,如果没有报错可以重启系统。

  另外ext4可以根据实际使用更换,具体如下:

光盘或光盘镜像iso9660 
DOS fat16文件系统msdos 
Windows 9x fat32文件系统vfat 
Windows NT ntfs文件系统ntfs 
Mount Windows文件网络共享smbfs 
UNIX(LINUX)文件网络共享nfs 

说明:

/dev/sdb1/sdb1xfsdefaults00
要挂载的分区设备挂载点文件系统类型挂载选项是否备份是否检测

  defaults对应的挂载选项请看Linux命令之mount(1)常用选项中的-o option选项。可以使用英文逗号选择多个选项(option,option,option,…)

原创文章,作者:奋斗,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/2792.html

(0)
上一篇 2021年7月16日
下一篇 2021年7月16日

相关推荐

发表回复

登录后才能评论