RHEL/CentOS 在 6.3 版本以后引入了一套新的系统调优工具 tuned/tuned-adm,其中 tuned 是服务端程序,用来监控和收集系统各个组件的数据,并依据数据提供的信息动态调整系统设置,达到动态优化系统的目的;tuned-adm 是客户端程序,用来和 tuned 打交道,用命令行的方式管理和配置 tuned,tuned-adm 提供了一些预先配置的优化方案可供直接使用,比如:笔记本、虚拟机、存储服务器等。
如果你正在使用笔记本(电池电源),想优化系统、节约电源又不想知道太多这方面的细节,就可以用 tuned/tuned-adm 这套工具并应用 laptop-battery-powersave 方案来调整和优化系统。当然不同的系统和应用场景有不同的优化方案,tuned-adm 预先配置的优化策略不是总能满足要求,这时候就需要定制,tuned-adm 允许用户自己创建和定制新的调优方案。
(题图来自:dribbble.com)
系统的性能优化是个很大的话题,如果对这方面感兴趣可以参考 Linux 性能监测专题。
安装和启动 tuned:
# yum update # yum install tuned # service tuned start # chkconfig tuned on # service ktune start # chkconfig ktune on
查看当前优化方案:
# tuned-adm active Current active profile: default Service tuned: enabled, running Service ktune: enabled, running
查看预先配置好的优化方案:
# tuned-adm list Available profiles: - laptop-battery-powersave - virtual-guest - desktop-powersave - sap - server-powersave - virtual-host - throughput-performance - enterprise-storage - laptop-ac-powersave - latency-performance - spindown-disk - default Current active profile: default
如果服务器是虚拟机母机的话,可以选用 virtual-host 方案优化。如果报错 “kernel.sched_migration_cost” is an unknown key 可以通过编辑 sysctl.ktune 这个文件解决。
# tuned-adm profile virtual-host Reverting to saved sysctl settings: [ OK ] Calling '/etc/ktune.d/tunedadm.sh stop': [ OK ] Reverting to cfq elevator: sda sdb sdc sdd sde sdf sdg [ OK ] Stopping tuned: [ OK ] Switching to profile 'virtual-host' Applying deadline elevator: sda sdb sdc sdd sde sdf sdg [ OK ] Applying ktune sysctl settings: /etc/ktune.d/tunedadm.conf: [FAILED] error: "kernel.sched_migration_cost" is an unknown key Calling '/etc/ktune.d/tunedadm.sh start': [ OK ] Applying sysctl settings from /etc/sysctl.conf Starting tuned: [ OK ] # vi /etc/tune-profiles/virtual-host/sysctl.ktune ... #kernel.sched_migration_cost = 5000000 ... # tuned-adm profile virtual-host
如果是企业存储服务器的话,可以用 enterprise-storage 方案:
# tuned-adm profile enterprise-storage Stopping tuned: [ OK ] Switching to profile 'enterprise-storage' Applying deadline elevator: dm-0 sda sdb sdc sdd [ OK ] Applying ktune sysctl settings: /etc/ktune.d/tunedadm.conf: [ OK ] Calling '/etc/ktune.d/tunedadm.sh start': [ OK ] Applying sysctl settings from /etc/sysctl.conf Starting tuned: [ OK ]
上面预定的方案不是总能满足要求,如果有自己的需求可以定制自己的方案。自己定制很容易,切换到优化方案的配置目录,拷贝一个例子,然后编辑里面的相关参数就可以了,使用 tuned-adm list 命令会看到刚创建的新方案 my-virtual-host:
# cd /etc/tune-profiles/ # cp -r virtual-host my-virtual-host # vi my-virtual-host/* # tuned-adm list Available profiles: - laptop-battery-powersave - virtual-guest - desktop-powersave - sap - server-powersave - virtual-host - throughput-performance - enterprise-storage - laptop-ac-powersave - latency-performance - spindown-disk - default - my-virtual-host Current active profile: virtual-host
原创文章,作者:ItWorker,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/40881.html