实战案例
实战案例1：实现单主的LVS-DR模式
准备web服务器并使用脚本绑定VIP至web服务器lo网卡
#准备两台后端RS主机
[root@rs1 ~]#cat lvs_dr_rs.sh
#!/bin/bash
#Author:wangxiaochun
#Date:2017-08-13
vip=10.0.0.10
mask='255.255.255.255'
dev=lo:1
rpm -q httpd &> /dev/null || yum -y install httpd &>/dev/null
service httpd start &> /dev/null && echo "The httpd Server is Ready!"
echo "<h1>hostname</h1>" > /var/www/html/index.html
case 1 in
start)
echo 1>/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 1>/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 2>/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo 2>/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
ifconfigdev vip netmaskmask #broadcast vip up
#route add -hostvip dev dev
echo "The RS Server is Ready!"
;;
stop)
ifconfigdev down
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "The RS Server is Canceled!"
;;
*)
echo "Usage: (basename0) start|stop"
exit 1
;;
esac
[root@rs1 ~]#bash lvs_dr_rs.sh start
The httpd Server is Ready!
The RS Server is Ready!
[root@rs1 ~]#ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 10.0.0.10/32 scope global lo:1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:32:80:38 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.0.0.7/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe32:8038/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@rs2 ~]#bash lvs_dr_rs.sh start
The httpd Server is Ready!
The RS Server is Ready!
[root@rs2 ~]#ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 10.0.0.10/32 scope global lo:1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:33:b4:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.0.0.17/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe33:b41a/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
#测试访问两台RS
[root@centos6 ~]#curl 10.0.0.7
<h1>rs1.magedu.org</h1>
[root@centos6 ~]#curl 10.0.0.17
<h1>rs2.magedu.org</h1>配置keepalived
#ka1节点的配置
[root@ka1-centos8 ~]#cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost
}
notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id ka1.magedu.org
vrrp_mcast_group4 224.0.100.10
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 66
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.10/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault"
}
virtual_server 10.0.0.10 80 {
delay_loop 3
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
protocol TCP
sorry_server 127.0.0.1 80
real_server 10.0.0.7 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET { #应用层检测
url {
path /
status_code 200
}
connect_timeout 1
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 1
}
}
real_server 10.0.0.17 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK { #另一台主机使用TCP检测
connect_timeout 5
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}
#ka2节点的配置，配置和ka1基本相同，只需修改三行
[root@ka2-centos8 ~]#cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost
}
notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id ka1.magedu.org #修改此行
vrrp_mcast_group4 224.0.100.10
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #修改此行
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 66
priority 80 #修改此行
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.10/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault"
}
virtual_server 10.0.0.10 80 {
delay_loop 3
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
protocol TCP
sorry_server 127.0.0.1 80
real_server 10.0.0.7 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /
status_code 200
}
connect_timeout 1
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 1
}
}
real_server 10.0.0.17 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 5
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}访问测试结果
[root@centos6 ~]#curl 10.0.0.10
<h1>rs1.magedu.org</h1>
[root@centos6 ~]#curl 10.0.0.10
<h1>rs2.magedu.org</h1>
[root@ka1-centos8 ~]#dnf -y install ipvsadm
[root@ka1-centos8 ~]#ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.0.0.10:80 rr
-> 10.0.0.7:80 Route 1 0 0
-> 10.0.0.17:80 Route 1 0 0 模拟故障
#第一台RS1故障，自动切换至RS2
[root@rs1 ~]#chmod 0 /var/www/html/index.html
[root@centos6 ~]#curl 10.0.0.10
<h1>rs2.magedu.org</h1>
[root@centos6 ~]#curl 10.0.0.10
<h1>rs2.magedu.org</h1>
[root@ka1-centos8 ~]#dnf -y install ipvsadm
[root@ka1-centos8 ~]#ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.0.0.10:80 rr
-> 10.0.0.17:80 Route 1 0 3
#后端RS服务器都故障，启动Sorry Server
[root@rs2 ~]#systemctl stop httpd
[root@centos6 ~]#curl 10.0.0.10
Sorry Server on ka1
[root@ka1-centos8 ~]#ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.0.0.10:80 rr
-> 127.0.0.1:80 Route 1 0 0
#ka1故障，自动切换至ka2
[root@ka1-centos8 ~]#killall keepalived
[root@centos6 ~]#curl 10.0.0.10
Sorry Server on ka2
#恢复都有后端 RS
[root@rs1 ~]#chmod 644 /var/www/html/index.html
[root@rs2 ~]#systemctl start httpd
[root@centos6 ~]#curl 10.0.0.10
<h1>rs1.magedu.org</h1>
[root@centos6 ~]#curl 10.0.0.10
<h1>rs2.magedu.org</h1>
[root@ka1-centos8 ~]#hostname -I
10.0.0.8
[root@ka2-centos8 ~]#hostname -I
10.0.0.18 10.0.0.10
#恢复ka1服务器，又抢占回原来的VIP
[root@ka1-centos8 ~]#systemctl start keepalived.service
[root@ka1-centos8 ~]#hostname -I
10.0.0.8 10.0.0.10
[root@ka2-centos8 ~]#hostname -I
10.0.0.18
[root@centos6 ~]#curl 10.0.0.10
<h1>rs1.magedu.org</h1>
[root@centos6 ~]#curl 10.0.0.10
<h1>rs2.magedu.org</h1>
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