首先,要通过Java操作Mongodb,必须先下载Mongodb的Java驱动程序,可以在这里下载。
新建立一个Java工程,将下载的驱动程序放在库文件路径下,程序代码如下:
com.mkyong.core;
import
java.net.UnknownHostException;
import
com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import
com.mongodb.DB;
import
com.mongodb.DBCollection;
import
com.mongodb.DBCursor;
import
com.mongodb.Mongo;
import
com.mongodb.MongoException;
/**
* Java + MongoDB Hello world Example
*
*/
public
class
App {
public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
try
{
//
实例化Mongo对象,连接27017端口
Mongo mongo
=
new
Mongo(
“
localhost
“
,
27017
);
//
连接名为yourdb的数据库,假如数据库不存在的话,mongodb会自动建立
DB db
=
mongo.getDB(
“
yourdb
“
);
//
Get collection from MongoDB, database named “yourDB”
//
从Mongodb中获得名为yourColleection的数据集合,如果该数据集合不存在,Mongodb会为其新建立
DBCollection collection
=
db.getCollection(
“
yourCollection
“
);
//
使用BasicDBObject对象创建一个mongodb的document,并给予赋值。
BasicDBObject document
=
new
BasicDBObject();
document.put(
“
id
“
,
1001
);
document.put(
“
msg
“
,
“
hello world mongoDB in Java
“
);
//
将新建立的document保存到collection中去
collection.insert(document);
//
创建要查询的document
BasicDBObject searchQuery
=
new
BasicDBObject();
searchQuery.put(
“
id
“
,
1001
);
//
使用collection的find方法查找document
DBCursor cursor
=
collection.find(searchQuery);
//
循环输出结果
while
(cursor.hasNext()) {
System.out.println(cursor.next());
}
System.out.println(
“
Done
“
);
}
catch
(UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(MongoException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
最后,输出的结果为:
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dbe5596dceace565d229dc3
“
} ,
“
id
“
:
1001
,
“
msg
“
:
“
hello world mongoDB in Java
“
}
Done
在上面的例子中,演示了使用Java对Mongodb操作的重要方法和步骤,首先通过创建Mongodb对象,传入构造函数的参数是Mongodb的数据库所在地址和端口,然后使用
getDB方法获得要连接的数据库名,使用getCollection获得数据集合的名,然后通过新建立BasicDBObject对象去建立document,最后通过collection的insert方法,将建立的document保存到数据库中去。而collection的find方法,则是用来在数据库中查找document。
从Mongodb中获得collection数据集
在Mongodb中,可以通过如下方法获得数据库中的collection:
=
db.getCollection(
“
yourCollection
“
);
如果你不知道collection的名称,可以使用db.getCollectionNames()获得集合,然后再遍历,如下:
=
mongo.getDB(
“
yourdb
“
);
Set collections
=
db.getCollectionNames();
for
(String collectionName : collections){
System.out.println(collectionName);
}
完成的一个例子如下:
com.mkyong.core;
import
java.net.UnknownHostException;
import
java.util.Set;
import
com.mongodb.DB;
import
com.mongodb.DBCollection;
import
com.mongodb.Mongo;
import
com.mongodb.MongoException;
/**
* Java : Get collection from MongoDB
*
*/
public
class
GetCollectionApp {
public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
try
{
Mongo mongo
=
new
Mongo(
“
localhost
“
,
27017
);
DB db
=
mongo.getDB(
“
yourdb
“
);
Set
<
String
>
collections
=
db.getCollectionNames();
for
(String collectionName : collections) {
System.out.println(collectionName);
}
DBCollection collection
=
db.getCollection(
“
yourCollection
“
);
System.out.println(collection.toString());
System.out.println(
“
Done
“
);
}
catch
(UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(MongoException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Mongodb中如何插入数据
下面,讲解下如何使用4种方式,将JSON数据插入到Mongodb中去。首先我们准备JSON
格式的数据,如下:
“
database
“
:
“
mkyongDB
“
,
“
table
“
:
“
hosting
“
,
“
detail
“
:
{
records :
99
,
index :
“
vps_index1
“
,
active :
“
true
“
}
}
}
我们希望用不同的方式,通过JAVA代码向Mongodb插入以上格式的JSON数据
第一种方法,是使用BasicDBObject,方法如下代码所示:
=
new
BasicDBObject();
document.put(
“
database
“
,
“
mkyongDB
“
);
document.put(
“
table
“
,
“
hosting
“
);
BasicDBObject documentDetail
=
new
BasicDBObject();
documentDetail.put(
“
records
“
,
“
99
“
);
documentDetail.put(
“
index
“
,
“
vps_index1
“
);
documentDetail.put(
“
active
“
,
“
true
“
);
document.put(
“
detail
“
, documentDetail);
collection.insert(document);
第二种方法是使用BasicDBObjectBuilder对象,如下代码所示:
=
BasicDBObjectBuilder.start()
.add(
“
database
“
,
“
mkyongDB
“
)
.add(
“
table
“
,
“
hosting
“
);
BasicDBObjectBuilder documentBuilderDetail
=
BasicDBObjectBuilder.start()
.add(
“
records
“
,
“
99
“
)
.add(
“
index
“
,
“
vps_index1
“
)
.add(
“
active
“
,
“
true
“
);
documentBuilder.add(
“
detail
“
, documentBuilderDetail.get());
collection.insert(documentBuilder.get());
第三种方法是使用Map对象,代码如下:
=
new
HashMap();
documentMap.put(
“
database
“
,
“
mkyongDB
“
);
documentMap.put(
“
table
“
,
“
hosting
“
);
Map documentMapDetail
=
new
HashMap();
documentMapDetail.put(
“
records
“
,
“
99
“
);
documentMapDetail.put(
“
index
“
,
“
vps_index1
“
);
documentMapDetail.put(
“
active
“
,
“
true
“
);
documentMap.put(
“
detail
“
, documentMapDetail);
collection.insert(
new
BasicDBObject(documentMap));
第四种方法,也就是最简单的,即直接插入JSON格式数据
=
“
{‘database’ : ‘mkyongDB’,’table’ : ‘hosting’,
“
+
“
‘detail’ : {‘records’ : 99, ‘index’ : ‘vps_index1’, ‘active’ : ‘true’}}}
“
;
DBObject dbObject
=
(DBObject)JSON.parse(json);
collection.insert(dbObject);
这里使用了JSON的parse方法,将解析后的JSON字符串转变为DBObject对象后再直接插入到collection中去。
完整的代码如下所示:
importjava.net.UnknownHostException;
importjava.util.HashMap;
importjava.util.Map;
importcom.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
importcom.mongodb.BasicDBObjectBuilder;
importcom.mongodb.DB;
importcom.mongodb.DBCollection;
importcom.mongodb.DBCursor;
importcom.mongodb.DBObject;
importcom.mongodb.Mongo;
importcom.mongodb.MongoException;
importcom.mongodb.util.JSON;
/**
* Java MongoDB : Insert a Document
*
*/
publicclass InsertDocumentApp {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){
try
{
Mongo mongo
=
new
Mongo(
“
localhost
“
,
27017
);
DB db
=
mongo.getDB(
“
yourdb
“
);
//
get a single collection
DBCollection collection
=
db.getCollection(
“
dummyColl
“
);
//
BasicDBObject example
System.out.println(
“
BasicDBObject example…
“
);
BasicDBObject document
=
new
BasicDBObject();
document.put(
“
database
“
,
“
mkyongDB
“
);
document.put(
“
table
“
,
“
hosting
“
);
BasicDBObject documentDetail
=
new
BasicDBObject();
documentDetail.put(
“
records
“
,
“
99
“
);
documentDetail.put(
“
index
“
,
“
vps_index1
“
);
documentDetail.put(
“
active
“
,
“
true
“
);
document.put(
“
detail
“
, documentDetail);
collection.insert(document);
DBCursor cursorDoc
=
collection.find();
while
(cursorDoc.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursorDoc.next());
}
collection.remove(
new
BasicDBObject());
//
BasicDBObjectBuilder example
System.out.println(
“
BasicDBObjectBuilder example…
“
);
BasicDBObjectBuilder documentBuilder
=
BasicDBObjectBuilder.start()
.add(
“
database
“
,
“
mkyongDB
“
)
.add(
“
table
“
,
“
hosting
“
);
BasicDBObjectBuilder documentBuilderDetail
=
BasicDBObjectBuilder.start()
.add(
“
records
“
,
“
99
“
)
.add(
“
index
“
,
“
vps_index1
“
)
.add(
“
active
“
,
“
true
“
);
documentBuilder.add(
“
detail
“
, documentBuilderDetail.get());
collection.insert(documentBuilder.get());
DBCursor cursorDocBuilder
=
collection.find();
while
(cursorDocBuilder.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursorDocBuilder.next());
}
collection.remove(
new
BasicDBObject());
//
Map example
System.out.println(
“
Map example…
“
);
Map documentMap
=
new
HashMap();
documentMap.put(
“
database
“
,
“
mkyongDB
“
);
documentMap.put(
“
table
“
,
“
hosting
“
);
Map documentMapDetail
=
new
HashMap();
documentMapDetail.put(
“
records
“
,
“
99
“
);
documentMapDetail.put(
“
index
“
,
“
vps_index1
“
);
documentMapDetail.put(
“
active
“
,
“
true
“
);
documentMap.put(
“
detail
“
, documentMapDetail);
collection.insert(
new
BasicDBObject(documentMap));
DBCursor cursorDocMap
=
collection.find();
while
(cursorDocMap.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursorDocMap.next());
}
collection.remove(
new
BasicDBObject());
//
JSON parse example
System.out.println(
“
JSON parse example…
“
);
String json
=
“
{‘database’ : ‘mkyongDB’,’table’ : ‘hosting’,
“
+
“
‘detail’ : {‘records’ : 99, ‘index’ : ‘vps_index1’, ‘active’ : ‘true’}}}
“
;
DBObject dbObject
=
(DBObject)JSON.parse(json);
collection.insert(dbObject);
DBCursor cursorDocJSON
=
collection.find();
while
(cursorDocJSON.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursorDocJSON.next());
}
collection.remove(
new
BasicDBObject());
}
catch
(UnknownHostException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
更新Document
假设如下的JSON格式的数据已经保存到Mongodb中去了,现在要更新相关的数据。
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostA
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
vps
“
,
“
clients
“
:
1000
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostB
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
dedicated server
“
,
“
clients
“
:
100
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostC
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
vps
“
,
“
clients
“
:
900
}
假设现在要将hosting中值为hostB的进行更新,则可以使用如下的方法:
=
new
BasicDBObject();
newDocument.put(
“
hosting
“
,
“
hostB
“
);
newDocument.put(
“
type
“
,
“
shared host
“
);
newDocument.put(
“
clients
“
,
111
);
collection.update(
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
hosting
“
,
“
hostB
“
), newDocument);
可以看到,这里依然使用了BasicDBObject对象,并为其赋值了新的值后,然后使用collection的update方法,即可更新该对象。
更新后的输出如下:
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostA
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
vps
“
,
“
clients
“
:
1000
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostB
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
shared host
“
,
“
clients
“
:
111
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostC
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
vps
“
,
“
clients
“
:
900
}
另外,还可以使用mongodb中的$inc修饰符号去对某个值进行更新,比如,要将hosting值为hostB的document的clients的值得更新为199(即100+99=199),可以这样:
=
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
$inc
“
,
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
clients
“
,
99
));
collection.update(
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
hosting
“
,
“
hostB
“
), newDocument);
则输出如下:
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostA
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
vps
“
,
“
clients
“
:
1000
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostB
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
dedicated server
“
,
“
clients
“
:
199
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostC
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
vps
“
,
“
clients
“
:
900
}
接下来,讲解$set修饰符的使用。比如要把hosting中值为hostA的document中的
type的值进行修改,则可以如下实现:
=
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
$set
“
,
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
type
“
,
“
dedicated server
“
));
collection.update(
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
hosting
“
,
“
hostA
“
), newDocument3);
则输出如下,把type的值从vps改为dedicated server:
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostB
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
dedicated server
“
,
“
clients
“
:
100
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostC
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
vps
“
,
“
clients
“
:
900
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostA
“
,
“
clients
“
:
1000
,
“
type
“
:
“
dedicated server
“
}
要注意的是,如果不使用$set的修饰符,而只是如下代码:
=
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
type
“
,
“
dedicated server
“
);
collection.update(
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
hosting
“
,
“
hostA
“
), newDocument3);
则会将所有的三个document的type类型都改为dedicated server了,因此要使用$set以更新特定的document的特定的值。
如果要更新多个document中相同的值,可以使用$multi,比如,要把所有vps为type的document,将它们的clients的值更新为888,可以如下实现:
=
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
$set
“
,
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
clients
“
,
“
888
“
));
collection.update(
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
type
“
,
“
vps
“
), updateQuery,
false
,
true
);
输出如下:
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostA
“
,
“
clients
“
:
“
888
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
vps
“
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostB
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
dedicated server
“
,
“
clients
“
:
100
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
x
“
} ,
“
hosting
“
:
“
hostC
“
,
“
clients
“
:
“
888
“
,
“
type
“
:
“
vps
“
}
最后,还是给出更新document的完整例子:
package
com.liao;
import
java.net.UnknownHostException;
import
com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import
com.mongodb.DB;
import
com.mongodb.DBCollection;
import
com.mongodb.DBCursor;
import
com.mongodb.Mongo;
import
com.mongodb.MongoException;
publicclass UpdateDocumentApp {
publicstaticvoid printAllDocuments(DBCollection collection){
DBCursor cursor
=
collection.find();
while
(cursor.hasNext()) {
System.out.println(cursor.next());
}
}
publicstaticvoid removeAllDocuments(DBCollection collection){
collection.remove(
new
BasicDBObject());
}
publicstaticvoid insertDummyDocuments(DBCollection collection){
BasicDBObject document
=
new
BasicDBObject();
document.put(
“
hosting
“
,
“
hostA
“
);
document.put(
“
type
“
,
“
vps
“
);
document.put(
“
clients
“
,
1000
);
BasicDBObject document2
=
new
BasicDBObject();
document2.put(
“
hosting
“
,
“
hostB
“
);
document2.put(
“
type
“
,
“
dedicated server
“
);
document2.put(
“
clients
“
,
100
);
BasicDBObject document3
=
new
BasicDBObject();
document3.put(
“
hosting
“
,
“
hostC
“
);
document3.put(
“
type
“
,
“
vps
“
);
document3.put(
“
clients
“
,
900
);
collection.insert(document);
collection.insert(document2);
collection.insert(document3);
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
try
{
Mongo mongo
=
new
Mongo(
“
localhost
“
,
27017
);
DB db
=
mongo.getDB(
“
yourdb
“
);
DBCollection collection
=
db.getCollection(
“
dummyColl
“
);
System.out.println(
“
Testing 1…
“
);
insertDummyDocuments(collection);
//
find hosting = hostB, and update it with new document
BasicDBObject newDocument
=
new
BasicDBObject();
newDocument.put(
“
hosting
“
,
“
hostB
“
);
newDocument.put(
“
type
“
,
“
shared host
“
);
newDocument.put(
“
clients
“
,
111
);
collection.update(
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
hosting
“
,
“
hostB
“
), newDocument);
printAllDocuments(collection);
removeAllDocuments(collection);
System.out.println(
“
Testing 2…
“
);
insertDummyDocuments(collection);
BasicDBObject newDocument2
=
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
$inc
“
,
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
clients
“
,
99
));
collection.update(
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
hosting
“
,
“
hostB
“
), newDocument2);
printAllDocuments(collection);
removeAllDocuments(collection);
System.out.println(
“
Testing 3…
“
);
insertDummyDocuments(collection);
BasicDBObject newDocument3
=
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
$set
“
,
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
type
“
,
“
dedicated server
“
));
collection.update(
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
hosting
“
,
“
hostA
“
), newDocument3);
printAllDocuments(collection);
removeAllDocuments(collection);
System.out.println(
“
Testing 4…
“
);
insertDummyDocuments(collection);
BasicDBObject updateQuery
=
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
$set
“
,
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
clients
“
,
“
888
“
));
collection.update(
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
type
“
,
“
vps
“
), updateQuery,
false
,
true
);
printAllDocuments(collection);
removeAllDocuments(collection);
System.out.println(
“
Done
“
);
}
catch
(UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(MongoException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
查询Document
下面学习如何查询document,先用下面的代码往数据库中插入1-10数字:
for
(
int
i
=
1
; i
<=
10
; i
++
){
collection.insert(
new
BasicDBObject().append(
“
number
“
, i));
}
接下来,看下如下的例子:
1) 获得数据库中的第一个document:
=
collection.findOne();
System.out.println(dbObject);
输出为:
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80bd
“
} ,
“
number
“
:
1
}
2)获得document的集合
=
collection.find();
while
(cursor.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursor.next());
}
这里,使用collection.find()方法,获得当前数据库中所有的documents对象集合
然后通过对DBCursor对象集合的遍历,即可输出当前所有documents。输出如下:
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80bd
“
} ,
“
number
“
:
1
}
//
……….中间部分省略,为2到9的输出
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c6
“
} ,
“
number
“
:
10
}
3) 获取指定的document
比如要获得number=5的document对象内容,可以使用collection的find方法即可,如下:
=
new
BasicDBObject();
query.put(
“
number
“
,
5
);
DBCursor cursor
=
collection.find(query);
while
(cursor.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursor.next());
}
即输出:
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c1
“
} ,
“
number
“
:
5
}
4) 使用in操作符号
在mongodb中,也可以使用in操作符,比如要获得number=9和number=10的document对象,可以如下操作:
=
new
BasicDBObject();
List list
=
new
ArrayList();
list.add(
9
);
list.add(
10
);
query.put(
“
number
“
,
new
BasicDBObject(
“
$in
“
, list));
DBCursor cursor
=
collection.find(query);
while
(cursor.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursor.next());
}
这里使用了一个List,并将list传入到BasicDBObject的构造函数中,并使用了in操作符号,输出如下:
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c5
“
} ,
“
number
“
:
9
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c6
“
} ,
“
number
“
:
10
}
5) 使用>,<等比较符号
在mongodb中,也可以使用比如>,<等数量比较符号,比如要输出number>5的document集合,则使用“$gt”即可,同理,小于关系则使用$lt,例子如下:
=
new
BasicDBObject();
query.put(
“
number
“
,
new
BasicDBObject(
“
$gt
“
,
5
));
DBCursor cursor
=
collection.find(query);
while
(cursor.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursor.next());
}
输出如下:
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c2
“
} ,
“
number
“
:
6
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c3
“
} ,
“
number
“
:
7
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c4
“
} ,
“
number
“
:
8
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c5
“
} ,
“
number
“
:
9
}
{
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c6
“
} ,
“
number
“
:
10
}
也可以多个比较符号一起使用,比如要输出number
>
5和number
<
8的document,则如下:
BasicDBObject query
=
new
BasicDBObject();
query.put(
“
number
“
,
new
BasicDBObject(
“
$gt
“
,
5
).append(
“
$lt
“
,
8
));
DBCursor cursor
=
collection.find(query);
while
(cursor.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursor.next());
}
同样,如果是不等于的关系的话,可以使用$ne操作符,如下:
=
new
BasicDBObject();
query5.put(
“
number
“
,
new
BasicDBObject(
“
$ne
“
,
8
));
DBCursor cursor6
=
collection.find(query5);
while
(cursor6.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursor6.next());
}
以上输出number=8之外的所有document。
删除document
下面我们学习如何删除document,依然以上面的已插入的1-10的documents集合为例说明:
1) 删除第一个document
=
collection.findOne();
collection.remove(doc);
2) 删除指定的document
比如删除number=2的document,如下方法:
=
new
BasicDBObject();
document.put(
“
number
“
,
2
);
collection.remove(document);
要注意的是,如下的方法将只会删除number=3的document。
=
new
BasicDBObject();
document.put(
“
number
“
,
2
);
document.put(
“
number
“
,
3
);
collection.remove(document);
3) 使用in 操作符号指定删除document
下面的例子将同时删除number=4和number=5的document,使用的是in操作符
=
new
BasicDBObject();
List list
=
new
ArrayList();
list.add(
4
);
list.add(
5
);
query2.put(
“
number
“
,
new
BasicDBObject(
“
$in
“
, list));
collection.remove(query2);
4) 使用“$gt”删除大于某个值的document
=
new
BasicDBObject();
query.put(
“
number
“
,
new
BasicDBObject(
“
$gt
“
,
9
));
collection.remove(query);
以上会删除number=10的document。
5) 删除所有的document
=
collection.find();
while
(cursor.hasNext()){
collection.remove(cursor.next());
}
保存图片到Mongodb
下面将讲解如何使用Java MongoDB GridFS API去保存图片等二进制文件到Monodb,关于Java MongoDB GridFS API的详细论述,请参考http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/GridFS+Specification
1)保存图片
代码段如下:
=
“
mkyong-java-image
“
;
File imageFile
=
newFile(
“
c://JavaWebHosting.png
“
);
GridFS gfsPhoto
=
new
GridFS(db,
“
photo
“
);
GridFSInputFile gfsFile
=
gfsPhoto.createFile(imageFile);
gfsFile.setFilename(newFileName);
gfsFile.save();
这里,将c盘下的JavaWebHosting.png保存到mongodb中去,并命名为mkyong-java-image。
2) 读取图片信息
代码段如下
=
“
mkyong-java-image
“
;
GridFS gfsPhoto
=
new
GridFS(db,
“
photo
“
);
GridFSDBFile imageForOutput
=
gfsPhoto.findOne(newFileName);
System.out.println(imageForOutput);
将会输出JSON格式的结果;
“
_id
“
:
{
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc9511a14a7d017fee35746
“
} ,
“
chunkSize
“
:
262144
,
“
length
“
:
22672
,
“
md5
“
:
“
1462a6cfa27669af1d8d21c2d7dd1f8b
“
,
“
filename
“
:
“
mkyong-java-image
“
,
“
contentType
“
:
null
,
“
uploadDate
“
:
{
“
$date
“
:
“
2011-05-10T14:52:10Z
“
} ,
“
aliases
“
:
null
}
可以看到,输出的是文件的属性相关信息。
3) 输出已保存的所有图片
下面代码段,输出所有保存在photo命名空间下的图片信息:
=
new
GridFS(db,
“
photo
“
);
DBCursor cursor
=
gfsPhoto.getFileList();
while
(cursor.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursor.next());
}
4) 从数据库中读取一张图片并另存
下面的代码段,从数据库中读取一张图片并另存为另外一张图片到磁盘中
=
“
mkyong-java-image
“
;
GridFS gfsPhoto
=
new
GridFS(db,
“
photo
“
);
GridFSDBFile imageForOutput
=
gfsPhoto.findOne(newFileName);
imageForOutput.writeTo(
“
c://JavaWebHostingNew.png
“
);
5) 删除图片
=
“
mkyong-java-image
“
;
GridFS gfsPhoto
=
new
GridFS(db,
“
photo
“
);
gfsPhoto.remove(gfsPhoto.findOne(newFileName));
如何将JSON数据格式转化为DBObject格式
在mongodb中,可以使用com.mongodb.util.JSON类,将JSON格式的字符串转变为DBObject对象。MongoDB for JAVA驱动中提供了用于向数据库中存储普通对象的接口DBObject,当一个文档从MongoDB中取出时,它会自动把文档转换成DBObject接口类型,要将它实例化为需要的对象。比如:
‘
name
‘
:
‘
mkyong
‘
,
‘
age
‘
:
30
}
这样的JSON格式字符串,转换方法为:
=
(DBObject) JSON.parse(
“
{‘name’:’mkyong’, ‘age’:30}
“
);
完整的代码如下:
importjava.net.UnknownHostException;
importcom.mongodb.DB;
importcom.mongodb.DBCollection;
importcom.mongodb.DBCursor;
importcom.mongodb.DBObject;
importcom.mongodb.Mongo;
importcom.mongodb.MongoException;
importcom.mongodb.util.JSON;
/**
* Java MongoDB : Convert JSON data to DBObject
*
*/
publicclass App {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){
try
{
Mongo mongo
=
new
Mongo(
“
localhost
“
,
27017
);
DB db
=
mongo.getDB(
“
yourdb
“
);
DBCollection collection
=
db.getCollection(
“
dummyColl
“
);
DBObject dbObject
=
(DBObject) JSON
.parse(
“
{‘name’:’mkyong’, ‘age’:30}
“
);
collection.insert(dbObject);
DBCursor cursorDoc
=
collection.find();
while
(cursorDoc.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursorDoc.next());
}
System.out.println(
“
Done
“
);
}
catch
(UnknownHostException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
则输出为:
“
_id
“
: {
“
$oid
“
:
“
4dc9ebb5237f275c2fe4959f
“
} ,
“
name
“
:
“
mkyong
“
,
“
age
“
:
30
}
可以看到,将JSON格式的数据类型直接转换为mongodb中的文档类型并输出。
转载请注明来源网站:blog.ytso.com谢谢!
原创文章,作者:Maggie-Hunter,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/9709.html