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Introduction Snap is a tool developed by Canonical for the purpose of package management and software deployment on Linux. Snaps are packaged applications compiled with libraries and dependencies. Sn…

Introduction When you download a file from the internet, it is a good safety practice to check whether you received the original version. Comparing checksums you received from the file creator with t…

Introduction The echo command is a built-in Linux feature that prints out arguments as the standard output. echo is commonly used to display text strings or command results as messages. In this tutor…

Introduction The Linux kernel has a modular design. Functionality is extendible with modules or drivers. Use the modprobe command to add or remove modules on Linux. The command works intelligently an…

Introduction Certain Linux commands take input both from the standard input (stdin) and as a command-line argument. However, others are designed to take input only as an argument. To be able to proce…

Introduction Virtualization has become the norm for software and OS testing. It is used by everyone, from enthusiasts to developers. Server virtualization allows you to run multiple operating systems…

Introduction The SSH Permission denied error appears after permission-related settings are modified on the SSH server. Usual scenarios include a new package installation or the creation of new users.…

Introduction The ss (socket statistics) tool is a CLI command used to show network statistics. The ss command is a simpler and faster version of the now obsolete netstat command. Together with the ip…

Introduction When the user executes a command in a Linux interactive shell, the output displays in the text terminal. However, there are ways to change this behavior using additional shell commands c…

Introduction The netstat command is a CLI tool for network statistics. It gives an overview of network activities and displays which ports are open or have established connections. The netstat tool i…