一:Mongodb快速入门之使用Java操作Mongodb详解大数据

首先,要通过Java操作Mongodb,必须先下载Mongodb的Java驱动程序,可以在这里下载

  新建立一个Java工程,将下载的驱动程序放在库文件路径下,程序代码如下:

package
 com.mkyong.core;


import
 java.net.UnknownHostException;


import
 com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;


import
 com.mongodb.DB;


import
 com.mongodb.DBCollection;


import
 com.mongodb.DBCursor;


import
 com.mongodb.Mongo;


import
 com.mongodb.MongoException;

/**


* Java + MongoDB Hello world Example



*/


public
 
class
 App {
    

public
 
static
 
void
 main(String[] args) {
        

try
 {
            

//
实例化Mongo对象,连接27017端口


            Mongo mongo 
=
 
new
 Mongo(
"
localhost
"

27017
);
                               

//
连接名为yourdb的数据库,假如数据库不存在的话,mongodb会自动建立


            DB db 
=
 mongo.getDB(
"
yourdb
"
);
            

//
 Get collection from MongoDB, database named "yourDB"


//
从Mongodb中获得名为yourColleection的数据集合,如果该数据集合不存在,Mongodb会为其新建立


            DBCollection collection 
=
 db.getCollection(
"
yourCollection
"
);
    

//
 使用BasicDBObject对象创建一个mongodb的document,并给予赋值。


            BasicDBObject document 
=
 
new
 BasicDBObject();
            document.put(

"
id
"

1001
);
            document.put(

"
msg
"

"
hello world mongoDB in Java
"
);
            

//
将新建立的document保存到collection中去


            collection.insert(document);
            

//
 创建要查询的document


            BasicDBObject searchQuery 
=
 
new
 BasicDBObject();
            searchQuery.put(

"
id
"

1001
);
            

//
 使用collection的find方法查找document


            DBCursor cursor 
=
 collection.find(searchQuery);
            

//
循环输出结果


            
while
 (cursor.hasNext()) {
            System.out.println(cursor.next());
            }
            System.out.println(

"
Done
"
); 
        } 

catch
 (UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 

catch
 (MongoException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

  最后,输出的结果为:


"
_id
"
 : { 
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dbe5596dceace565d229dc3
"
} , 
                

"
id
"
 : 
1001
 , 
"
msg
"
 : 
"
hello world mongoDB in Java
"
}
Done


  在上面的例子中,演示了使用Java对Mongodb操作的重要方法和步骤,首先通过创建Mongodb对象,传入构造函数的参数是Mongodb的数据库所在地址和端口,然后使用

  getDB方法获得要连接的数据库名,使用getCollection获得数据集合的名,然后通过新建立BasicDBObject对象去建立document,最后通过collection的insert方法,将建立的document保存到数据库中去。而collection的find方法,则是用来在数据库中查找document。

  从Mongodb中获得collection数据集

  在Mongodb中,可以通过如下方法获得数据库中的collection:

  DBCollection collection 
=
 db.getCollection(
"
yourCollection
"
);

  如果你不知道collection的名称,可以使用db.getCollectionNames()获得集合,然后再遍历,如下:

  DB db 
=
 mongo.getDB(
"
yourdb
"
);
  Set collections 

=
 db.getCollectionNames();
  

for
(String collectionName : collections){
  System.out.println(collectionName);
  }

  完成的一个例子如下:

package
 com.mkyong.core;


import
 java.net.UnknownHostException;


import
 java.util.Set;


import
 com.mongodb.DB;


import
 com.mongodb.DBCollection;


import
 com.mongodb.Mongo;


import
 com.mongodb.MongoException;


/**


* Java : Get collection from MongoDB



*/


public
 
class
 GetCollectionApp {


public
 
static
 
void
 main(String[] args) {


try
 {
Mongo mongo 

=
 
new
 Mongo(
"
localhost
"

27017
);
DB db 

=
 mongo.getDB(
"
yourdb
"
);
Set

<
String
>
 collections 
=
 db.getCollectionNames();


for
 (String collectionName : collections) {
System.out.println(collectionName);
}
DBCollection collection 

=
 db.getCollection(
"
yourCollection
"
);
System.out.println(collection.toString());
System.out.println(

"
Done
"
);


catch
 (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();

catch
 (MongoException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

  Mongodb中如何插入数据

  下面,讲解下如何使用4种方式,将JSON数据插入到Mongodb中去。首先我们准备JSON

  格式的数据,如下:

  {
  

"
database
"
 : 
"
mkyongDB
"
,
  

"
table
"
 : 
"
hosting
"
,
  

"
detail
"
 :
  {
  records : 

99
,
  index : 

"
vps_index1
"
,
  active : 

"
true
"


  }
  }
  }


  我们希望用不同的方式,通过JAVA代码向Mongodb插入以上格式的JSON数据

  第一种方法,是使用BasicDBObject,方法如下代码所示:

BasicDBObject document 
=
 
new
 BasicDBObject();
document.put(

"
database
"

"
mkyongDB
"
);
document.put(

"
table
"

"
hosting
"
);
BasicDBObject documentDetail 

=
 
new
 BasicDBObject();
documentDetail.put(

"
records
"

"
99
"
);
documentDetail.put(

"
index
"

"
vps_index1
"
);
documentDetail.put(

"
active
"

"
true
"
);
document.put(

"
detail
"
, documentDetail);
collection.insert(document);

  第二种方法是使用BasicDBObjectBuilder对象,如下代码所示:

  BasicDBObjectBuilder documentBuilder 
=
 BasicDBObjectBuilder.start()
  .add(

"
database
"

"
mkyongDB
"
)
  .add(

"
table
"

"
hosting
"
);
  BasicDBObjectBuilder documentBuilderDetail 

=
 BasicDBObjectBuilder.start()
  .add(

"
records
"

"
99
"
)
  .add(

"
index
"

"
vps_index1
"
)
  .add(

"
active
"

"
true
"
);
  documentBuilder.add(

"
detail
"
, documentBuilderDetail.get());
  collection.insert(documentBuilder.get());

  第三种方法是使用Map对象,代码如下:

  Map documentMap 
=
new
 HashMap();
  documentMap.put(

"
database
"

"
mkyongDB
"
);
  documentMap.put(

"
table
"

"
hosting
"
);
  Map documentMapDetail 

=
new
 HashMap();
  documentMapDetail.put(

"
records
"

"
99
"
);
  documentMapDetail.put(

"
index
"

"
vps_index1
"
);
  documentMapDetail.put(

"
active
"

"
true
"
);
  documentMap.put(

"
detail
"
, documentMapDetail);
  collection.insert(

new
 BasicDBObject(documentMap));

  第四种方法,也就是最简单的,即直接插入JSON格式数据

  String json 
=
"
{'database' : 'mkyongDB','table' : 'hosting',
"
+


  
"
'detail' : {'records' : 99, 'index' : 'vps_index1', 'active' : 'true'}}}
"
;
  DBObject dbObject 

=
(DBObject)JSON.parse(json);
  collection.insert(dbObject);

  这里使用了JSON的parse方法,将解析后的JSON字符串转变为DBObject对象后再直接插入到collection中去。


  完整的代码如下所示:

  packagecom.mkyong.core;
  importjava.net.UnknownHostException;
  importjava.util.HashMap;
  importjava.util.Map;
  importcom.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
  importcom.mongodb.BasicDBObjectBuilder;
  importcom.mongodb.DB;
  importcom.mongodb.DBCollection;
  importcom.mongodb.DBCursor;
  importcom.mongodb.DBObject;
  importcom.mongodb.Mongo;
  importcom.mongodb.MongoException;
  importcom.mongodb.util.JSON;
  

/**


  * Java MongoDB : Insert a Document
  *
  

*/


  publicclass InsertDocumentApp {
  publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){
  

try
{
  Mongo mongo 

=
new
 Mongo(
"
localhost
"

27017
);
  DB db 

=
 mongo.getDB(
"
yourdb
"
);
  

//
 get a single collection


  DBCollection collection 
=
 db.getCollection(
"
dummyColl
"
);
  

//
 BasicDBObject example


  System.out.println(
"
BasicDBObject example...
"
);
  BasicDBObject document 

=
new
 BasicDBObject();
  document.put(

"
database
"

"
mkyongDB
"
);
  document.put(

"
table
"

"
hosting
"
);
  BasicDBObject documentDetail 

=
new
 BasicDBObject();
  documentDetail.put(

"
records
"

"
99
"
);
  documentDetail.put(

"
index
"

"
vps_index1
"
);
  documentDetail.put(

"
active
"

"
true
"
);
  document.put(

"
detail
"
, documentDetail);
  collection.insert(document);
  DBCursor cursorDoc 

=
 collection.find();
  

while
(cursorDoc.hasNext()){
  System.out.println(cursorDoc.next());
  }
  collection.remove(

new
 BasicDBObject());
  

//
 BasicDBObjectBuilder example


  System.out.println(
"
BasicDBObjectBuilder example...
"
);
  BasicDBObjectBuilder documentBuilder 

=
 BasicDBObjectBuilder.start()
  .add(

"
database
"

"
mkyongDB
"
)
  .add(

"
table
"

"
hosting
"
);
  BasicDBObjectBuilder documentBuilderDetail 

=
 BasicDBObjectBuilder.start()
  .add(

"
records
"

"
99
"
)
  .add(

"
index
"

"
vps_index1
"
)
  .add(

"
active
"

"
true
"
);
  documentBuilder.add(

"
detail
"
, documentBuilderDetail.get());
  collection.insert(documentBuilder.get());
  DBCursor cursorDocBuilder 

=
 collection.find();
  

while
(cursorDocBuilder.hasNext()){
  System.out.println(cursorDocBuilder.next());
  }
  collection.remove(

new
 BasicDBObject());
  

//
 Map example


  System.out.println(
"
Map example...
"
);
  Map documentMap 

=
new
 HashMap();
  documentMap.put(

"
database
"

"
mkyongDB
"
);
  documentMap.put(

"
table
"

"
hosting
"
);
  Map documentMapDetail 

=
new
 HashMap();
  documentMapDetail.put(

"
records
"

"
99
"
);
  documentMapDetail.put(

"
index
"

"
vps_index1
"
);
  documentMapDetail.put(

"
active
"

"
true
"
);
  documentMap.put(

"
detail
"
, documentMapDetail);
  collection.insert(

new
 BasicDBObject(documentMap));
  DBCursor cursorDocMap 

=
 collection.find();
  

while
(cursorDocMap.hasNext()){
  System.out.println(cursorDocMap.next());
  }
  collection.remove(

new
 BasicDBObject());
  

//
 JSON parse example


  System.out.println(
"
JSON parse example...
"
);
  String json 

=
"
{'database' : 'mkyongDB','table' : 'hosting',
"
+


  
"
'detail' : {'records' : 99, 'index' : 'vps_index1', 'active' : 'true'}}}
"
;
  DBObject dbObject 

=
(DBObject)JSON.parse(json);
  collection.insert(dbObject);
  DBCursor cursorDocJSON 

=
 collection.find();
  

while
(cursorDocJSON.hasNext()){
  System.out.println(cursorDocJSON.next());
  }
  collection.remove(

new
 BasicDBObject());
  }

catch
(UnknownHostException e){
  e.printStackTrace();
  }

catch
(MongoException e){
  e.printStackTrace();
  }
  }
  }


  更新Document

  假设如下的JSON格式的数据已经保存到Mongodb中去了,现在要更新相关的数据。

  {
"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostA
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
vps
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
1000
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostB
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
dedicated server
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
100
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostC
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
vps
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
900
}

   假设现在要将hosting中值为hostB的进行更新,则可以使用如下的方法:

  BasicDBObject newDocument 
=
new
 BasicDBObject();
  newDocument.put(

"
hosting
"

"
hostB
"
);
  newDocument.put(

"
type
"

"
shared host
"
);
  newDocument.put(

"
clients
"

111
);
  collection.update(

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
hosting
"

"
hostB
"
), newDocument);

   可以看到,这里依然使用了BasicDBObject对象,并为其赋值了新的值后,然后使用collection的update方法,即可更新该对象。

  更新后的输出如下:

  {
"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostA
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
vps
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
1000
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostB
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
shared host
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
111
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostC
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
vps
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
900
}

   另外,还可以使用mongodb中的$inc修饰符号去对某个值进行更新,比如,要将hosting值为hostB的document的clients的值得更新为199(即100+99=199),可以这样:

  BasicDBObject newDocument 
=
new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
$inc
"
,
  

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
clients
"

99
));
  collection.update(

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
hosting
"

"
hostB
"
), newDocument);

   则输出如下:

  {
"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostA
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
vps
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
1000
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostB
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
dedicated server
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
199
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostC
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
vps
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
900
}

   接下来,讲解$set修饰符的使用。比如要把hosting中值为hostA的document中的

  type的值进行修改,则可以如下实现:

  BasicDBObject newDocument3 
=
new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
$set
"
,
  

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
type
"

"
dedicated server
"
));
  collection.update(

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
hosting
"

"
hostA
"
), newDocument3);

   则输出如下,把type的值从vps改为dedicated server:

  {
"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostB
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
dedicated server
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
100
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostC
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
vps
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
900
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostA
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
1000
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
dedicated server
"
}

   要注意的是,如果不使用$set的修饰符,而只是如下代码:

  BasicDBObject newDocument3 
=
new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
type
"

"
dedicated server
"
);
  collection.update(

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
hosting
"

"
hostA
"
), newDocument3);

   则会将所有的三个document的type类型都改为dedicated server了,因此要使用$set以更新特定的document的特定的值。

  如果要更新多个document中相同的值,可以使用$multi,比如,要把所有vps为type的document,将它们的clients的值更新为888,可以如下实现:

  BasicDBObject updateQuery 
=
new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
$set
"
,
  

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
clients
"

"
888
"
));
  collection.update(

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
type
"

"
vps
"
), updateQuery, 
false

true
);

  输出如下:

  {
"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostA
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
"
888
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
vps
"
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostB
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
dedicated server
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
100
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
x
"
} , 
"
hosting
"
 : 
"
hostC
"
 , 
"
clients
"
 : 
"
888
"
 , 
"
type
"
 : 
"
vps
"
}


  最后,还是给出更新document的完整例子:

  
package
 com.liao;
  

import
 java.net.UnknownHostException;
  

import
 com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
  

import
 com.mongodb.DB;
  

import
 com.mongodb.DBCollection;
  

import
 com.mongodb.DBCursor;
  

import
 com.mongodb.Mongo;
  

import
 com.mongodb.MongoException;
  publicclass UpdateDocumentApp {
  publicstaticvoid printAllDocuments(DBCollection collection){
  DBCursor cursor 

=
 collection.find();
  

while
 (cursor.hasNext()) {
  System.out.println(cursor.next());
  }
  }
  publicstaticvoid removeAllDocuments(DBCollection collection){
  collection.remove(

new
 BasicDBObject());
  }
  publicstaticvoid insertDummyDocuments(DBCollection collection){
  BasicDBObject document 

=
 
new
 BasicDBObject();
  document.put(

"
hosting
"

"
hostA
"
);
  document.put(

"
type
"

"
vps
"
);
  document.put(

"
clients
"

1000
);
  BasicDBObject document2 

=
 
new
 BasicDBObject();
  document2.put(

"
hosting
"

"
hostB
"
);
  document2.put(

"
type
"

"
dedicated server
"
);
  document2.put(

"
clients
"

100
);
  BasicDBObject document3 

=
 
new
 BasicDBObject();
  document3.put(

"
hosting
"

"
hostC
"
);
  document3.put(

"
type
"

"
vps
"
);
  document3.put(

"
clients
"

900
);
  collection.insert(document);
  collection.insert(document2);
  collection.insert(document3);
  }
  publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
  

try
 {
  Mongo mongo 

=
 
new
 Mongo(
"
localhost
"

27017
);
  DB db 

=
 mongo.getDB(
"
yourdb
"
);
  DBCollection collection 

=
 db.getCollection(
"
dummyColl
"
);
  System.out.println(

"
Testing 1...
"
);
  insertDummyDocuments(collection);
  

//
find hosting = hostB, and update it with new document


  BasicDBObject newDocument 
=
 
new
 BasicDBObject();
  newDocument.put(

"
hosting
"

"
hostB
"
);
  newDocument.put(

"
type
"

"
shared host
"
);
  newDocument.put(

"
clients
"

111
);
  collection.update(

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
hosting
"

"
hostB
"
), newDocument);
  printAllDocuments(collection);
  removeAllDocuments(collection);
  System.out.println(

"
Testing 2...
"
);
  insertDummyDocuments(collection);
  BasicDBObject newDocument2 

=
 
new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
$inc
"
,
  

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
clients
"

99
));
  collection.update(

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
hosting
"

"
hostB
"
), newDocument2);
  printAllDocuments(collection);
  removeAllDocuments(collection);
  System.out.println(

"
Testing 3...
"
);
  insertDummyDocuments(collection);
  BasicDBObject newDocument3 

=
 
new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
$set
"
,
  

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
type
"

"
dedicated server
"
));
  collection.update(

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
hosting
"

"
hostA
"
), newDocument3);
  printAllDocuments(collection);
  removeAllDocuments(collection);
  System.out.println(

"
Testing 4...
"
);
  insertDummyDocuments(collection);
  BasicDBObject updateQuery 

=
 
new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
$set
"
,
  

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
clients
"

"
888
"
));
  collection.update(
  

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
type
"

"
vps
"
), updateQuery, 
false

true
);
  printAllDocuments(collection);
  removeAllDocuments(collection);
  System.out.println(

"
Done
"
);
  } 

catch
 (UnknownHostException e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
  } 

catch
 (MongoException e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
  }
  }
  }


  查询Document

  下面学习如何查询document,先用下面的代码往数据库中插入1-10数字:

  
for
(
int
 i
=
1
; i 
<=
10
; i
++
){
  collection.insert(

new
 BasicDBObject().append(
"
number
"
, i));

  }

   接下来,看下如下的例子:

  1) 获得数据库中的第一个document:

  DBObject doc 
=
 collection.findOne();
  System.out.println(dbObject);

   输出为:

  {
"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80bd
"
} , 
"
number
"
 : 
1
}

   2)获得document的集合

  DBCursor cursor 
=
 collection.find();
  

while
(cursor.hasNext()){
  System.out.println(cursor.next());
  }

   这里,使用collection.find()方法,获得当前数据库中所有的documents对象集合

  然后通过对DBCursor对象集合的遍历,即可输出当前所有documents。输出如下:

  {
"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80bd
"
} , 
"
number
"
 : 
1
}
  

//
..........中间部分省略,为2到9的输出


  {
"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c6
"
} , 
"
number
"
 : 
10
}

   3) 获取指定的document

  比如要获得number=5的document对象内容,可以使用collection的find方法即可,如下:

  BasicDBObject query 
=
new
 BasicDBObject();
  query.put(

"
number
"

5
);
  DBCursor cursor 

=
 collection.find(query);
  

while
(cursor.hasNext()){
  System.out.println(cursor.next());
  }

   即输出:

  {
"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c1
"
} , 
"
number
"
 : 
5
}

   4) 使用in操作符号

  在mongodb中,也可以使用in操作符,比如要获得number=9和number=10的document对象,可以如下操作:

  BasicDBObject query 
=
new
 BasicDBObject();
  List list 

=
new
 ArrayList();
  list.add(

9
);
  list.add(

10
);
  query.put(

"
number
"

new
 BasicDBObject(
"
$in
"
, list));
  DBCursor cursor 

=
 collection.find(query);
  

while
(cursor.hasNext()){
  System.out.println(cursor.next());
  }

   这里使用了一个List,并将list传入到BasicDBObject的构造函数中,并使用了in操作符号,输出如下:

  {
"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c5
"
} , 
"
number
"
 : 
9
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c6
"
} , 
"
number
"
 : 
10
}


  5) 使用>,<等比较符号

  在mongodb中,也可以使用比如>,<等数量比较符号,比如要输出number>5的document集合,则使用“$gt”即可,同理,小于关系则使用$lt,例子如下:

  BasicDBObject query 
=
new
 BasicDBObject();
  query.put(

"
number
"

new
 BasicDBObject(
"
$gt
"

5
));
  DBCursor cursor 

=
 collection.find(query);
  

while
(cursor.hasNext()){
  System.out.println(cursor.next());
  }

   输出如下:

  {
"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c2
"
} , 
"
number
"
 : 
6
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c3
"
} , 
"
number
"
 : 
7
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c4
"
} , 
"
number
"
 : 
8
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c5
"
} , 
"
number
"
 : 
9
}
  {

"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc7f7b7bd0fb9a86c6c80c6
"
} , 
"
number
"
 : 
10
}
  也可以多个比较符号一起使用,比如要输出number

>
5和number
<
8的document,则如下:
  BasicDBObject query 

=
new
 BasicDBObject();
  query.put(

"
number
"

new
 BasicDBObject(
"
$gt
"

5
).append(
"
$lt
"

8
));
  DBCursor cursor 

=
 collection.find(query);
  

while
(cursor.hasNext()){
  System.out.println(cursor.next());
  }

   同样,如果是不等于的关系的话,可以使用$ne操作符,如下:

  BasicDBObject query5 
=
new
 BasicDBObject();
  query5.put(

"
number
"

new
 BasicDBObject(
"
$ne
"

8
));
  DBCursor cursor6 

=
 collection.find(query5);
  

while
(cursor6.hasNext()){
  System.out.println(cursor6.next());
  }

   以上输出number=8之外的所有document。

  删除document

  下面我们学习如何删除document,依然以上面的已插入的1-10的documents集合为例说明:

  1) 删除第一个document

  DBObject doc 
=
 collection.findOne();
  collection.remove(doc);

   2) 删除指定的document

  比如删除number=2的document,如下方法:

  BasicDBObject document 
=
new
 BasicDBObject();
  document.put(

"
number
"

2
);
  collection.remove(document);

   要注意的是,如下的方法将只会删除number=3的document。

  BasicDBObject document 
=
new
 BasicDBObject();
  document.put(

"
number
"

2
);
  document.put(

"
number
"

3
);
  collection.remove(document);


  3) 使用in 操作符号指定删除document

  下面的例子将同时删除number=4和number=5的document,使用的是in操作符

  BasicDBObject query2 
=
new
 BasicDBObject();
  List list 

=
new
 ArrayList();
  list.add(

4
);
  list.add(

5
);
  query2.put(

"
number
"

new
 BasicDBObject(
"
$in
"
, list));
  collection.remove(query2);

  4) 使用“$gt”删除大于某个值的document

  BasicDBObject query 
=
new
 BasicDBObject();
  query.put(

"
number
"

new
 BasicDBObject(
"
$gt
"

9
));
  collection.remove(query);

  以上会删除number=10的document。

  5) 删除所有的document

  DBCursor cursor 
=
 collection.find();
  

while
(cursor.hasNext()){
  collection.remove(cursor.next());
  }

  保存图片到Mongodb

  下面将讲解如何使用Java MongoDB GridFS API去保存图片等二进制文件到Monodb,关于Java MongoDB GridFS API的详细论述,请参考http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/GridFS+Specification

  1)保存图片

  代码段如下:

  String newFileName 
=
"
mkyong-java-image
"
;
  File imageFile 

=
newFile(
"
c://JavaWebHosting.png
"
);
  GridFS gfsPhoto 

=
new
 GridFS(db, 
"
photo
"
);
  GridFSInputFile gfsFile 

=
 gfsPhoto.createFile(imageFile);
  gfsFile.setFilename(newFileName);
  gfsFile.save();

  这里,将c盘下的JavaWebHosting.png保存到mongodb中去,并命名为mkyong-java-image。

  2) 读取图片信息

  代码段如下

  String newFileName 
=
"
mkyong-java-image
"
;
  GridFS gfsPhoto 

=
new
 GridFS(db, 
"
photo
"
);
  GridFSDBFile imageForOutput 

=
 gfsPhoto.findOne(newFileName);
  System.out.println(imageForOutput);

  将会输出JSON格式的结果;

  {
  

"
_id
"
 :
  {
  

"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc9511a14a7d017fee35746
"


  } ,
  

"
chunkSize
"
 : 
262144
 ,
  

"
length
"
 : 
22672
 ,
  

"
md5
"
 : 
"
1462a6cfa27669af1d8d21c2d7dd1f8b
"
 ,
  

"
filename
"
 : 
"
mkyong-java-image
"
 ,
  

"
contentType
"
 : 
null
 ,
  

"
uploadDate
"
 :
  {
  

"
$date
"
 : 
"
2011-05-10T14:52:10Z
"


  } ,
  

"
aliases
"
 : 
null


  }

  可以看到,输出的是文件的属性相关信息。


  3) 输出已保存的所有图片

  下面代码段,输出所有保存在photo命名空间下的图片信息:

  GridFS gfsPhoto 
=
new
 GridFS(db, 
"
photo
"
);
  DBCursor cursor 

=
 gfsPhoto.getFileList();
  

while
(cursor.hasNext()){
  System.out.println(cursor.next());
  }

   4) 从数据库中读取一张图片并另存

  下面的代码段,从数据库中读取一张图片并另存为另外一张图片到磁盘中

  String newFileName 
=
"
mkyong-java-image
"
;
  GridFS gfsPhoto 

=
new
 GridFS(db, 
"
photo
"
);
  GridFSDBFile imageForOutput 

=
 gfsPhoto.findOne(newFileName);
  imageForOutput.writeTo(

"
c://JavaWebHostingNew.png
"
);

   5) 删除图片

  String newFileName 
=
"
mkyong-java-image
"
;
  GridFS gfsPhoto 

=
new
 GridFS(db, 
"
photo
"
);
  gfsPhoto.remove(gfsPhoto.findOne(newFileName));

   如何将JSON数据格式转化为DBObject格式

  在mongodb中,可以使用com.mongodb.util.JSON类,将JSON格式的字符串转变为DBObject对象。MongoDB for JAVA驱动中提供了用于向数据库中存储普通对象的接口DBObject,当一个文档从MongoDB中取出时,它会自动把文档转换成DBObject接口类型,要将它实例化为需要的对象。比如:

  {
  

'
name
'
 : 
'
mkyong
'
,
  

'
age
'
 : 
30


  }

   这样的JSON格式字符串,转换方法为:

  DBObject dbObject 
=
(DBObject) JSON.parse(
"
{'name':'mkyong', 'age':30}
"
);

   完整的代码如下:

  packagecom.mkyong.core;
  importjava.net.UnknownHostException;
  importcom.mongodb.DB;
  importcom.mongodb.DBCollection;
  importcom.mongodb.DBCursor;
  importcom.mongodb.DBObject;
  importcom.mongodb.Mongo;
  importcom.mongodb.MongoException;
  importcom.mongodb.util.JSON;
  

/**


  * Java MongoDB : Convert JSON data to DBObject
  *
  

*/


  publicclass App {
  publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){
  

try
{
  Mongo mongo 

=
new
 Mongo(
"
localhost
"

27017
);
  DB db 

=
 mongo.getDB(
"
yourdb
"
);
  DBCollection collection 

=
 db.getCollection(
"
dummyColl
"
);
  DBObject dbObject 

=
(DBObject) JSON
  .parse(

"
{'name':'mkyong', 'age':30}
"
);
  collection.insert(dbObject);
  DBCursor cursorDoc 

=
 collection.find();
  

while
(cursorDoc.hasNext()){
  System.out.println(cursorDoc.next());
  }
  System.out.println(

"
Done
"
);
  }

catch
(UnknownHostException e){
  e.printStackTrace();
  }

catch
(MongoException e){
  e.printStackTrace();
  }
  }
  }

   则输出为:

  {
"
_id
"
 : {
"
$oid
"
 : 
"
4dc9ebb5237f275c2fe4959f
"
} , 
"
name
"
 : 
"
mkyong
"
 , 
"
age
"
 : 
30
}
  Done

  可以看到,将JSON格式的数据类型直接转换为mongodb中的文档类型并输出。

一:Mongodb快速入门之使用Java操作Mongodb详解大数据

转载请注明来源网站:blog.ytso.com谢谢!

原创文章,作者:Maggie-Hunter,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/tech/bigdata/9709.html

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