1、环境部署说明
后端部署在tomcat服务器上,前端用nginx做代理访问
tomcat部署目录
nginx配置:
upstream wcfront{ server localhost:8991;//后台接口 } server { listen 8998;//h6访问接口 server_name 192.168.2.37; charset utf-8; proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; location ^~ /fs/ { alias /var/zkbc/fs/; } location = / { root /opt/nlcn/backend/wcfront/www;//h6页面路径 index index.html index.htm; } location = /index { root /opt/nlcn/backend/wcfront/www; rewrite ^(.*) /; } location ~ .*/.(html)$ { root /opt/nlcn/backend/wcfront/www; index index.html index.htm; } location ~ .*(css)$ { root /opt/nlcn/backend/wcfront/www; index index.html index.htm; } location ~ .*/.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css|woff|woff2|svg|ttf)$ { root /opt/nlcn/backend/wcfront/www; index index.html index.htm; } location / { proxy_pass http://wcfront; proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port; } }
2、当前配置后端获取ip一直未127.0.0.1,现在需求是能够获取客户端的ip
(1)在nginx配置上加如下配置,注意:在location /下加
location / { proxy_pass http://wcfront; proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port; proxy_set_header Remote_Addr $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; }
(2)重启nginx
nginx -s reload
ps -ef | grep nginx 可以查看nginx的启动状态及启动时间
(3)配置tomcat
service.xml 下找到 pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
把 %h 修改成 %{X-Real-IP}i
重启服务
(4) java获取客户端ip的方式
public static String getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest request) { String ip = null; //X-Forwarded-For:Squid 服务代理 String ipAddresses = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For"); if (ipAddresses == null || ipAddresses.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddresses)) { //Proxy-Client-IP:apache 服务代理 ipAddresses = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP"); } if (ipAddresses == null || ipAddresses.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddresses)) { //WL-Proxy-Client-IP:weblogic 服务代理 ipAddresses = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP"); } if (ipAddresses == null || ipAddresses.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddresses)) { //HTTP_CLIENT_IP:有些代理服务器 ipAddresses = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP"); } if (ipAddresses == null || ipAddresses.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddresses)) { //X-Real-IP:nginx服务代理 ipAddresses = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP"); } //有些网络通过多层代理,那么获取到的ip就会有多个,一般都是通过逗号(,)分割开来,并且第一个ip为客户端的真实IP if (ipAddresses != null && ipAddresses.length() != 0) { ip = ipAddresses.split(",")[0]; } //还是不能获取到,最后再通过request.getRemoteAddr();获取 if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddresses)) { ip = request.getRemoteAddr(); } return ip; }
3、结论
需要注意的是这种方式获取的是客户端所在网络的外网地址,而不是客户端的真实ip。
例如
多个终端都在同一个局域网访问,获取的ip为同一个网关地址。
手机4g访问,获取的ip也不是手机的实际ip,而是网络ip,例如获取的ip是61.158.147.109,但实际手机ip是61.158.147.*(同网段另外一个ip地址),不是特别清楚手机ip和109什么关系,有兴趣的朋友可以研究研究。
原创文章,作者:kepupublish,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/tech/opensource/194186.html