Hadoop 实践（一） 环境搭建

大数据定义是：大量的非结构话的数据。量要大，要非结构化。

Hadoop 分三部分组成，1.hdfs hadoop分布式文件系统。2.MapReduce 分布式计算。3.hive 分布式存储。

操作系统：centos6.5 64

环境搭建：1.安装Hadoop，2.安装mysql， 3.安装hive，4，安装jdk

1. Hadoop安装：

    下载Hadoop1.0.4，hadoop-1.0.4.tar.gz。   

 wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/core/hadoop-1.0.4/hadoop-1.0.4.tar.gz

    解压：

    tar xzvf hadoop-1.0.4.tar.gz  -C /usr

    修改3个配置文件

    cd /usr/hadoop-1.0.4/conf/

     vi core-site.xml

<?xml version=”1.0″?>

<?xml-stylesheet type=”text/xsl” href=”configuration.xsl”?>

<!– Put site-specific property overrides in this file. –>

<configuration>

        <property>

                <name>fs.default.name</name>

                <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>

        </property>

</configuration>

     vi mapred-site.xml

<?xml version=”1.0″?>

<?xml-stylesheet type=”text/xsl” href=”configuration.xsl”?>

<!– Put site-specific property overrides in this file. –>

<configuration>

        <property>

                <name>mapred.job.tracker</name>

                <value>localhost:9001</value>

        </property>

</configuration>

     vi hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version=”1.0″?>

<?xml-stylesheet type=”text/xsl” href=”configuration.xsl”?>

<!– Put site-specific property overrides in this file. –>

<configuration>

        <property>

                <name>dfs.name.dir</name>

                <value>/home/longlong/temp/log1,/home/longlong/temp/log2</value>

        </property>

        <property>

                <name>dfs.data.dir</name>

                <value>/home/longlong/temp/data1,/home/longlong/temp/data2</value>

        </property>

        <property>

                <name>dfs.replication</name>

                <value>2</value>

        </property>

</configuration>

    配置环境变量，此处粘贴了java，hive，hadoop的环境变量

    vi /etc/profile

JAVA_HOME=/home/Hadoop/jdk1.6.0_45

CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar

HADOOP_HOME=/usr/hadoop-1.0.4

HIVE_HOME=/usr/hive

PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HIVE_HOME/bin

    安装jdk:

    下载jdk

wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/6u45-b06/jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin

    chmod +x jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin

     ./jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin

    配置 vi hadoop-env.sh，末尾添加jdkhome    

export JAVA_HOME=/home/Hadoop/jdk1.6.0_45

    进入bin目录配置  vi hadoop-config.sh

export HADOOP_HOME=${HADOOP_PREFIX}

export HADOOP_HOME_WARN_SUPPRESS=1

    格式化

     ./hadoop namenode -format

2.mysql 安装，

3.hive安装，

    下载 

 wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/hive/hive-0.13.1/apache-hive-0.13.1-bin.tar.gz

tar -xf apache-hive-0.13.1-bin.tar.gz

 mv apache-hive-0.13.1-bin hive

更换元数据库

    cd conf/

 touch hive-site.xml

vi hive-site.xml

<?xml version=”1.0″ ?>

<?xml-stylesheet type=”text/xsl” href=”configuration.xsl”?>

<configuration>

        <property>

                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>

                <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive</value>

        </property>

        <property>

                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>

                <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>

        </property>

        <property>

                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>

                <value>root</value>

        </property>

        <property>

                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>

                <value>root</value>

        </property>

</configuration>

    下载mysql驱动，

 wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/Connector-J/mysql-connector-java-5.0.8.tar.gz

tar -xzvf mysql-connector-java-5.0.8.tar.gz

cd mysql-connector-java-5.0.8

cp mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar /usr/hive/lib/

启动

1.hdfs 启动

cd /usr/hadoop-1.0.4/bin

./start-all.sh

password/操作系统密码

2.mysql 启动

service mysqld start

mysql -uroot -proot

3.hive启动

cd /usr/hive/bin

./hive