Java的身份证号码工具类详解编程语言

实现从15位~18位的身份证号码转换，校验中国大陆公民身份证、香港居民身份证、澳门身份证和台湾身份证。

package my.tools; 
import java.text.ParseException; 
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; 
import java.util.Calendar; 
import java.util.Date; 
import java.util.HashMap; 
import java.util.Map; 
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils; 
/** 
 * 身份证工具类 
 * 
 * @author June 
 * @version 1.0, 2010-06-17 
 */ 
public class IdcardUtils extends StringUtils { 
    /** 中国公民身份证号码最小长度。 */ 
    public static final int CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH = 15; 
    /** 中国公民身份证号码最大长度。 */ 
    public static final int CHINA_ID_MAX_LENGTH = 18; 
    /** 省、直辖市代码表 */ 
    public static final String cityCode[] = { 
            "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "21", "22", "23", "31", "32", "33", "34", "35", "36", "37", "41", 
            "42", "43", "44", "45", "46", "50", "51", "52", "53", "54", "61", "62", "63", "64", "65", "71", 
            "81", "82", "91" 
    }; 
    /** 每位加权因子 */ 
    public static final int power[] = { 
            7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2 
    }; 
    /** 第18位校检码 */ 
    public static final String verifyCode[] = { 
            "1", "0", "X", "9", "8", "7", "6", "5", "4", "3", "2" 
    }; 
    /** 最低年限 */ 
    public static final int MIN = 1930; 
    public static Map<String, String> cityCodes = new HashMap<String, String>(); 
    /** 台湾身份首字母对应数字 */ 
    public static Map<String, Integer> twFirstCode = new HashMap<String, Integer>(); 
    /** 香港身份首字母对应数字 */ 
    public static Map<String, Integer> hkFirstCode = new HashMap<String, Integer>(); 
    static { 
        cityCodes.put("11", "北京"); 
        cityCodes.put("12", "天津"); 
        cityCodes.put("13", "河北"); 
        cityCodes.put("14", "山西"); 
        cityCodes.put("15", "内蒙古"); 
        cityCodes.put("21", "辽宁"); 
        cityCodes.put("22", "吉林"); 
        cityCodes.put("23", "黑龙江"); 
        cityCodes.put("31", "上海"); 
        cityCodes.put("32", "江苏"); 
        cityCodes.put("33", "浙江"); 
        cityCodes.put("34", "安徽"); 
        cityCodes.put("35", "福建"); 
        cityCodes.put("36", "江西"); 
        cityCodes.put("37", "山东"); 
        cityCodes.put("41", "河南"); 
        cityCodes.put("42", "湖北"); 
        cityCodes.put("43", "湖南"); 
        cityCodes.put("44", "广东"); 
        cityCodes.put("45", "广西"); 
        cityCodes.put("46", "海南"); 
        cityCodes.put("50", "重庆"); 
        cityCodes.put("51", "四川"); 
        cityCodes.put("52", "贵州"); 
        cityCodes.put("53", "云南"); 
        cityCodes.put("54", "西藏"); 
        cityCodes.put("61", "陕西"); 
        cityCodes.put("62", "甘肃"); 
        cityCodes.put("63", "青海"); 
        cityCodes.put("64", "宁夏"); 
        cityCodes.put("65", "新疆"); 
        cityCodes.put("71", "台湾"); 
        cityCodes.put("81", "香港"); 
        cityCodes.put("82", "澳门"); 
        cityCodes.put("91", "国外"); 
        twFirstCode.put("A", 10); 
        twFirstCode.put("B", 11); 
        twFirstCode.put("C", 12); 
        twFirstCode.put("D", 13); 
        twFirstCode.put("E", 14); 
        twFirstCode.put("F", 15); 
        twFirstCode.put("G", 16); 
        twFirstCode.put("H", 17); 
        twFirstCode.put("J", 18); 
        twFirstCode.put("K", 19); 
        twFirstCode.put("L", 20); 
        twFirstCode.put("M", 21); 
        twFirstCode.put("N", 22); 
        twFirstCode.put("P", 23); 
        twFirstCode.put("Q", 24); 
        twFirstCode.put("R", 25); 
        twFirstCode.put("S", 26); 
        twFirstCode.put("T", 27); 
        twFirstCode.put("U", 28); 
        twFirstCode.put("V", 29); 
        twFirstCode.put("X", 30); 
        twFirstCode.put("Y", 31); 
        twFirstCode.put("W", 32); 
        twFirstCode.put("Z", 33); 
        twFirstCode.put("I", 34); 
        twFirstCode.put("O", 35); 
        hkFirstCode.put("A", 1); 
        hkFirstCode.put("B", 2); 
        hkFirstCode.put("C", 3); 
        hkFirstCode.put("R", 18); 
        hkFirstCode.put("U", 21); 
        hkFirstCode.put("Z", 26); 
        hkFirstCode.put("X", 24); 
        hkFirstCode.put("W", 23); 
        hkFirstCode.put("O", 15); 
        hkFirstCode.put("N", 14); 
    } 
    /** 
     * 将15位身份证号码转换为18位 
     * 
     * @param idCard 
     *            15位身份编码 
     * @return 18位身份编码 
     */ 
    public static String conver15CardTo18(String idCard) { 
        String idCard18 = ""; 
        if (idCard.length() != CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) { 
            return null; 
        } 
        if (isNum(idCard)) { 
            // 获取出生年月日 
            String birthday = idCard.substring(6, 12); 
            Date birthDate = null; 
            try { 
                birthDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyMMdd").parse(birthday); 
            } catch (ParseException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace(); 
            } 
            Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); 
            if (birthDate != null) 
                cal.setTime(birthDate); 
            // 获取出生年(完全表现形式,如：2010) 
            String sYear = String.valueOf(cal.get(Calendar.YEAR)); 
            idCard18 = idCard.substring(0, 6) + sYear + idCard.substring(8); 
            // 转换字符数组 
            char[] cArr = idCard18.toCharArray(); 
            if (cArr != null) { 
                int[] iCard = converCharToInt(cArr); 
                int iSum17 = getPowerSum(iCard); 
                // 获取校验位 
                String sVal = getCheckCode18(iSum17); 
                if (sVal.length() > 0) { 
                    idCard18 += sVal; 
                } else { 
                    return null; 
                } 
            } 
        } else { 
            return null; 
        } 
        return idCard18; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 验证身份证是否合法 
     */ 
    public static boolean validateCard(String idCard) { 
        String card = idCard.trim(); 
        if (validateIdCard18(card)) { 
            return true; 
        } 
        if (validateIdCard15(card)) { 
            return true; 
        } 
        String[] cardval = validateIdCard10(card); 
        if (cardval != null) { 
            if (cardval[2].equals("true")) { 
                return true; 
            } 
        } 
        return false; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 验证18位身份编码是否合法 
     * 
     * @param idCard 身份编码 
     * @return 是否合法 
     */ 
    public static boolean validateIdCard18(String idCard) { 
        boolean bTrue = false; 
        if (idCard.length() == CHINA_ID_MAX_LENGTH) { 
            // 前17位 
            String code17 = idCard.substring(0, 17); 
            // 第18位 
            String code18 = idCard.substring(17, CHINA_ID_MAX_LENGTH); 
            if (isNum(code17)) { 
                char[] cArr = code17.toCharArray(); 
                if (cArr != null) { 
                    int[] iCard = converCharToInt(cArr); 
                    int iSum17 = getPowerSum(iCard); 
                    // 获取校验位 
                    String val = getCheckCode18(iSum17); 
                    if (val.length() > 0) { 
                        if (val.equalsIgnoreCase(code18)) { 
                            bTrue = true; 
                        } 
                    } 
                } 
            } 
        } 
        return bTrue; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 验证15位身份编码是否合法 
     * 
     * @param idCard 
     *            身份编码 
     * @return 是否合法 
     */ 
    public static boolean validateIdCard15(String idCard) { 
        if (idCard.length() != CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) { 
            return false; 
        } 
        if (isNum(idCard)) { 
            String proCode = idCard.substring(0, 2); 
            if (cityCodes.get(proCode) == null) { 
                return false; 
            } 
            String birthCode = idCard.substring(6, 12); 
            Date birthDate = null; 
            try { 
                birthDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yy").parse(birthCode.substring(0, 2)); 
            } catch (ParseException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace(); 
            } 
            Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); 
            if (birthDate != null) 
                cal.setTime(birthDate); 
            if (!valiDate(cal.get(Calendar.YEAR), Integer.valueOf(birthCode.substring(2, 4)), 
                    Integer.valueOf(birthCode.substring(4, 6)))) { 
                return false; 
            } 
        } else { 
            return false; 
        } 
        return true; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 验证10位身份编码是否合法 
     * 
     * @param idCard 身份编码 
     * @return 身份证信息数组 
     *         <p> 
     *         [0] - 台湾、澳门、香港 [1] - 性别(男M,女F,未知N) [2] - 是否合法(合法true,不合法false) 
     *         若不是身份证件号码则返回null 
     *         </p> 
     */ 
    public static String[] validateIdCard10(String idCard) { 
        String[] info = new String[3]; 
        String card = idCard.replaceAll("[//(|//)]", ""); 
        if (card.length() != 8 && card.length() != 9 && idCard.length() != 10) { 
            return null; 
        } 
        if (idCard.matches("^[a-zA-Z][0-9]{9}$")) { // 台湾 
            info[0] = "台湾"; 
            System.out.println("11111"); 
            String char2 = idCard.substring(1, 2); 
            if (char2.equals("1")) { 
                info[1] = "M"; 
                System.out.println("MMMMMMM"); 
            } else if (char2.equals("2")) { 
                info[1] = "F"; 
                System.out.println("FFFFFFF"); 
            } else { 
                info[1] = "N"; 
                info[2] = "false"; 
                System.out.println("NNNN"); 
                return info; 
            } 
            info[2] = validateTWCard(idCard) ? "true" : "false"; 
        } else if (idCard.matches("^[1|5|7][0-9]{6}//(?[0-9A-Z]//)?$")) { // 澳门 
            info[0] = "澳门"; 
            info[1] = "N"; 
            // TODO 
        } else if (idCard.matches("^[A-Z]{1,2}[0-9]{6}//(?[0-9A]//)?$")) { // 香港 
            info[0] = "香港"; 
            info[1] = "N"; 
            info[2] = validateHKCard(idCard) ? "true" : "false"; 
        } else { 
            return null; 
        } 
        return info; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 验证台湾身份证号码 
     * 
     * @param idCard 
     *            身份证号码 
     * @return 验证码是否符合 
     */ 
    public static boolean validateTWCard(String idCard) { 
        String start = idCard.substring(0, 1); 
        String mid = idCard.substring(1, 9); 
        String end = idCard.substring(9, 10); 
        Integer iStart = twFirstCode.get(start); 
        Integer sum = iStart / 10 + (iStart % 10) * 9; 
        char[] chars = mid.toCharArray(); 
        Integer iflag = 8; 
        for (char c : chars) { 
            sum = sum + Integer.valueOf(c + "") * iflag; 
            iflag--; 
        } 
        return (sum % 10 == 0 ? 0 : (10 - sum % 10)) == Integer.valueOf(end) ? true : false; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 验证香港身份证号码(存在Bug，部份特殊身份证无法检查) 
     * <p> 
     * 身份证前2位为英文字符，如果只出现一个英文字符则表示第一位是空格，对应数字58 前2位英文字符A-Z分别对应数字10-35 
     * 最后一位校验码为0-9的数字加上字符"A"，"A"代表10 
     * </p> 
     * <p> 
     * 将身份证号码全部转换为数字，分别对应乘9-1相加的总和，整除11则证件号码有效 
     * </p> 
     * 
     * @param idCard 身份证号码 
     * @return 验证码是否符合 
     */ 
    public static boolean validateHKCard(String idCard) { 
        String card = idCard.replaceAll("[//(|//)]", ""); 
        Integer sum = 0; 
        if (card.length() == 9) { 
            sum = (Integer.valueOf(card.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase().toCharArray()[0]) - 55) * 9 
                    + (Integer.valueOf(card.substring(1, 2).toUpperCase().toCharArray()[0]) - 55) * 8; 
            card = card.substring(1, 9); 
        } else { 
            sum = 522 + (Integer.valueOf(card.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase().toCharArray()[0]) - 55) * 8; 
        } 
        String mid = card.substring(1, 7); 
        String end = card.substring(7, 8); 
        char[] chars = mid.toCharArray(); 
        Integer iflag = 7; 
        for (char c : chars) { 
            sum = sum + Integer.valueOf(c + "") * iflag; 
            iflag--; 
        } 
        if (end.toUpperCase().equals("A")) { 
            sum = sum + 10; 
        } else { 
            sum = sum + Integer.valueOf(end); 
        } 
        return (sum % 11 == 0) ? true : false; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 将字符数组转换成数字数组 
     * 
     * @param ca 
     *            字符数组 
     * @return 数字数组 
     */ 
    public static int[] converCharToInt(char[] ca) { 
        int len = ca.length; 
        int[] iArr = new int[len]; 
        try { 
            for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { 
                iArr[i] = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(ca[i])); 
            } 
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace(); 
        } 
        return iArr; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 将身份证的每位和对应位的加权因子相乘之后，再得到和值 
     * 
     * @param iArr 
     * @return 身份证编码。 
     */ 
    public static int getPowerSum(int[] iArr) { 
        int iSum = 0; 
        if (power.length == iArr.length) { 
            for (int i = 0; i < iArr.length; i++) { 
                for (int j = 0; j < power.length; j++) { 
                    if (i == j) { 
                        iSum = iSum + iArr[i] * power[j]; 
                    } 
                } 
            } 
        } 
        return iSum; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 将power和值与11取模获得余数进行校验码判断 
     * 
     * @param iSum 
     * @return 校验位 
     */ 
    public static String getCheckCode18(int iSum) { 
        String sCode = ""; 
        switch (iSum % 11) { 
        case 10: 
            sCode = "2"; 
            break; 
        case 9: 
            sCode = "3"; 
            break; 
        case 8: 
            sCode = "4"; 
            break; 
        case 7: 
            sCode = "5"; 
            break; 
        case 6: 
            sCode = "6"; 
            break; 
        case 5: 
            sCode = "7"; 
            break; 
        case 4: 
            sCode = "8"; 
            break; 
        case 3: 
            sCode = "9"; 
            break; 
        case 2: 
            sCode = "x"; 
            break; 
        case 1: 
            sCode = "0"; 
            break; 
        case 0: 
            sCode = "1"; 
            break; 
        } 
        return sCode; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 根据身份编号获取年龄 
     * 
     * @param idCard 
     *            身份编号 
     * @return 年龄 
     */ 
    public static int getAgeByIdCard(String idCard) { 
        int iAge = 0; 
        if (idCard.length() == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) { 
            idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard); 
        } 
        String year = idCard.substring(6, 10); 
        Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); 
        int iCurrYear = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR); 
        iAge = iCurrYear - Integer.valueOf(year); 
        return iAge; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 根据身份编号获取生日 
     * 
     * @param idCard 身份编号 
     * @return 生日(yyyyMMdd) 
     */ 
    public static String getBirthByIdCard(String idCard) { 
        Integer len = idCard.length(); 
        if (len < CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) { 
            return null; 
        } else if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) { 
            idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard); 
        } 
        return idCard.substring(6, 14); 
    } 
    /** 
     * 根据身份编号获取生日年 
     * 
     * @param idCard 身份编号 
     * @return 生日(yyyy) 
     */ 
    public static Short getYearByIdCard(String idCard) { 
        Integer len = idCard.length(); 
        if (len < CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) { 
            return null; 
        } else if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) { 
            idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard); 
        } 
        return Short.valueOf(idCard.substring(6, 10)); 
    } 
    /** 
     * 根据身份编号获取生日月 
     * 
     * @param idCard 
     *            身份编号 
     * @return 生日(MM) 
     */ 
    public static Short getMonthByIdCard(String idCard) { 
        Integer len = idCard.length(); 
        if (len < CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) { 
            return null; 
        } else if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) { 
            idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard); 
        } 
        return Short.valueOf(idCard.substring(10, 12)); 
    } 
    /** 
     * 根据身份编号获取生日天 
     * 
     * @param idCard 
     *            身份编号 
     * @return 生日(dd) 
     */ 
    public static Short getDateByIdCard(String idCard) { 
        Integer len = idCard.length(); 
        if (len < CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) { 
            return null; 
        } else if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) { 
            idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard); 
        } 
        return Short.valueOf(idCard.substring(12, 14)); 
    } 
    /** 
     * 根据身份编号获取性别 
     * 
     * @param idCard 身份编号 
     * @return 性别(M-男，F-女，N-未知) 
     */ 
    public static String getGenderByIdCard(String idCard) { 
        String sGender = "N"; 
        if (idCard.length() == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) { 
            idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard); 
        } 
        String sCardNum = idCard.substring(16, 17); 
        if (Integer.parseInt(sCardNum) % 2 != 0) { 
            sGender = "M"; 
        } else { 
            sGender = "F"; 
        } 
        return sGender; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 根据身份编号获取户籍省份 
     * 
     * @param idCard 身份编码 
     * @return 省级编码。 
     */ 
    public static String getProvinceByIdCard(String idCard) { 
        int len = idCard.length(); 
        String sProvince = null; 
        String sProvinNum = ""; 
        if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH || len == CHINA_ID_MAX_LENGTH) { 
            sProvinNum = idCard.substring(0, 2); 
        } 
        sProvince = cityCodes.get(sProvinNum); 
        return sProvince; 
    } 
    /** 
     * 数字验证 
     * 
     * @param val 
     * @return 提取的数字。 
     */ 
    public static boolean isNum(String val) { 
        return val == null || "".equals(val) ? false : val.matches("^[0-9]*$"); 
    } 
    /** 
     * 验证小于当前日期 是否有效 
     * 
     * @param iYear 
     *            待验证日期(年) 
     * @param iMonth 
     *            待验证日期(月 1-12) 
     * @param iDate 
     *            待验证日期(日) 
     * @return 是否有效 
     */ 
    public static boolean valiDate(int iYear, int iMonth, int iDate) { 
        Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); 
        int year = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR); 
        int datePerMonth; 
        if (iYear < MIN || iYear >= year) { 
            return false; 
        } 
        if (iMonth < 1 || iMonth > 12) { 
            return false; 
        } 
        switch (iMonth) { 
        case 4: 
        case 6: 
        case 9: 
        case 11: 
            datePerMonth = 30; 
            break; 
        case 2: 
            boolean dm = ((iYear % 4 == 0 && iYear % 100 != 0) || (iYear % 400 == 0)) 
                    && (iYear > MIN && iYear < year); 
            datePerMonth = dm ? 29 : 28; 
            break; 
        default: 
            datePerMonth = 31; 
        } 
        return (iDate >= 1) && (iDate <= datePerMonth); 
    } 
}