通讯录文件版本详解编程语言

addressbook.h

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 
 
#ifndef  __ADDRESSBOOK_H__           //使用条件编译，防止重复引入头文件   
#define  __ADDRESSBOOK_H__   
 
#include<stdio.h>   
#include<stdlib.h>   
#include<string.h>   
 
#define  NAME_MAX 20   
#define  SEX_MAX 6   
#define  TELE_MAX 20   
#define  ADDR_MAX 40   
#define INIT_SIZE 2   
#define ADD_SIZE 10   
 
 
typedef enum choice 
{ 
    EXIT, 
    ADD, 
    DELETE, 
    CHANGE, 
    FIND, 
    INIT, 
    OUTPUT, 
    SORT 
}choice; 
 
 
typedef struct                     //定义一个信息的结构体类型   
{ 
    char name[NAME_MAX]; 
    char sex[SEX_MAX]; 
    int age; 
    char tele[TELE_MAX]; 
    char address[ADDR_MAX]; 
 
}infor; 
 
typedef struct                           //创建一个顺序表   
{ 
    infor *data; 
    int i;                               //表示联系人个数   
    int size;                            //表示开辟空间的容量   
}sequence; 
 
 
void Add(sequence *book); 
void delete(sequence *book, char *names); 
void change(sequence *book, char *names); 
void output(sequence const *book); 
void init(sequence *book); 
void sort(sequence *book); 
void find(sequence *book, char *names); 
void save_addressbook(sequence *book);         //向文件里面写入信息   
void load_addressbook(sequence *book);         //从文件中读取信息   
void memory(sequence *book);                   //动态内存开辟函数   
 
#endif  

addressbook.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 
//函数实现   
#include"addressbook.h"   
 
int find_place(sequence *book, char *names) 
{ 
    int n = 0; 
    while (n < book->i) 
    { 
        if (strcmp(book->data[n].name, names) == 0) 
            break; 
        n++; 
    } 
    if (n != book->i) 
        return n;                       //如果找到则返回这个位置   
    return -1;                           //没找到返回-1   
} 
 
void find(sequence *book, char *names) 
{ 
    int ret = find_place(book, names); 
    if (ret == -1) 
        printf("查询无果/n"); 
    else 
        printf("名字：%s 性别： %s 年龄： %d 电话： %s 地址： %s/n", 
        book->data[ret].name, 
        book->data[ret].sex, 
        book->data[ret].age, 
        book->data[ret].tele, 
        book->data[ret].address); 
} 
 
void memory(sequence *book) 
{ 
    infor *p = NULL; 
    if (book->size == 0)                  //如果当前没有开辟空间，则开辟一块空间   
    { 
        p = (infor *)malloc(INIT_SIZE*sizeof(infor)); 
        if (p == NULL) 
            exit(1); 
        else 
            book->data = p; 
        book->size = INIT_SIZE; 
    } 
    if (book->i == (book->size - 1))          //如果空间不够，则进行扩容   
    { 
 
        p = (infor *)realloc(book->data, (book->size = +ADD_SIZE)*sizeof(infor)); 
        if (p == NULL) 
            exit(1); 
        else 
            book->data = p; 
    } 
} 
void Add(sequence *book) 
{ 
    memory(book); 
    printf("请输入名字:"); 
    scanf("%s", book->data[book->i].name); 
    printf("请输入性别："); 
    scanf("%s", book->data[book->i].sex); 
    printf("请输入年龄："); 
    scanf("%d", &book->data[book->i].age); 
    printf("请输入电话："); 
    scanf("%s", book->data[book->i].tele); 
    printf("请输入地址："); 
    scanf("%s", book->data[book->i].address); 
    ++book->i; 
    printf("添加成功/n"); 
} 
 
 
void delete(sequence *book, char *names) 
{ 
    if (book->i <= 0) 
    { 
        printf("通讯录已空/n"); 
    } 
    else 
    { 
        int n = 0; 
        n = find_place(book, names);                       //根据名字查找   
        if (n< 0) 
        { 
            printf("没有此人/n"); 
        } 
        else 
        { 
            book->data[n] = book->data[book->i - 1];//如果找到，则将最后一条记录放到这个位置   
            book->i--;                     //删除一个，则记录位置的book->i也要减一   
            printf("删除成功/n"); 
        } 
    } 
} 
 
void change(sequence *book, char *names) 
{ 
    int ret = 0; 
    ret = find_place(book, names);              //先找到这个人的位置   
    if (ret == -1) 
    { 
        printf("没有此人/n"); 
    } 
    else 
    { 
        printf("请输入名字:"); 
        scanf("%s", book->data[ret].name); 
        printf("请输入性别："); 
        scanf("%s", book->data[ret].sex); 
        printf("请输入年龄："); 
        scanf("%d", &book->data[ret].age); 
        printf("请输入电话："); 
        scanf("%s", book->data[ret].tele); 
        printf("请输入地址："); 
        scanf("%s", book->data[ret].address); 
        printf("修改成功/n"); 
    } 
} 
 
 
void output(sequence const *book) 
{ 
    if (book->i <= 0) 
    { 
        printf("通讯录为空/n"); 
    } 
    else 
    { 
        int n = 0; 
        printf("%5s %5s %5s %11s %11s/n", "名字", "性别", "年龄", "电话", "地址"); 
        while (n < book->i) 
        { 
            printf("%5s %5s %5d %11s %11s/n", 
                book->data[n].name, 
                book->data[n].sex, 
                book->data[n].age, 
                book->data[n].tele, 
                book->data[n].address); 
            n++; 
        } 
 
    } 
} 
 
 
 
void init(sequence *book) 
{ 
    book->i = 0;            //只要将记录位置的book->i置0   
    printf("初始化成功/n"); 
} 
 
 
 
void sort(sequence *book) 
{ 
    if (book->i >1)                  //当通讯录中有1个以上记录再进行排序   
    { 
        int i = 0; 
        int j = 0; 
        int flag = 0; 
        for (i = 0; i < book->i - 1; i++) 
        { 
            flag = 1; 
            for (j = 0; j < book->i - i - 1; j++) 
            { 
                if (strcmp(book->data[j].name, book->data[j + 1].name) > 0)  //根据名字进行排序   
                { 
                    infor tmp = book->data[j]; 
                    book->data[j] = book->data[j + 1]; 
                    book->data[j + 1] = tmp; 
                    flag = 0; 
                }        //if 结束   
            } 
            if (flag)     //如果已经有序，则flag为真   
                break; 
        } 
    } 
    printf("排序成功/n"); 
} 
 
 
 
 
void save_addressbook(sequence *book) 
{ 
    int i = 0; 
    FILE *pfwrite = fopen("test.txt", "w");  //首先打开文件    
    if (pfwrite == NULL) 
    { 
        perror("open file pfwrite"); 
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 
    } 
    for (i = 0; i < book->i; i++)                                //将当前结构体数组中的信息全部写入   
    { 
        fwrite(&(book->data[i]), sizeof(infor), 1, pfwrite);     //使用二进制流的方式写入   
    } 
    fclose(pfwrite);                                              //关闭文件   
} 
 
 
void load_addressbook(sequence *book) 
{ 
    int n = 0; 
    infor tmp = { 0 };                           //创建临时变量用来保存每次读取的信息   
    FILE *pfread = fopen("test.txt", "r");       //首先打开文件 （test.txt 自己在当前目录底下创建）   
    if (pfread == NULL) 
    { 
        perror("open file pfread"); 
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 
    } 
    while (fread(&tmp, sizeof(infor), 1, pfread))  //每次读取一条信息，当读取完成后，fread返回0   
    { 
        memory(book);                              //要加载信息首先要开辟内存，或者内存不够时就要扩容   
        book->data[n] = tmp; 
        n++; 
        book->i++;                              //同时book->i也要增长   
    } 
    fclose(pfread); 
}

test.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 
#include"addressbook.h"   
 
void meau() 
{ 
    printf("*******************************/n"); 
    printf("*0.exit              1.Add    */n"); 
    printf("*2.deletel           3.change */n"); 
    printf("*4.find              5.init   */n"); 
    printf("*6.output            7.sort   */n/n"); 
} 
void execute(sequence *book) 
{ 
    load_addressbook(book); 
    char name[20]; 
    while (1) 
    { 
        int n = 0; 
        meau(); 
        printf("请选择："); 
        scanf("%d", &n); 
        switch (n) 
        { 
        case EXIT: 
            save_addressbook(book); 
            free(book->data); 
            exit(1); 
            break; 
        case ADD: 
            Add(book); 
            break; 
        case DELETE: 
            printf("请输入姓名："); 
            scanf("%s", name); 
            delete(book, name); 
            break; 
        case CHANGE: 
            printf("请输入姓名："); 
            scanf("%s", name); 
            change(book, name); 
            break; 
        case FIND: 
            printf("请输入姓名："); 
            scanf("%s", name); 
            find(book, name); 
            break; 
        case INIT: 
            init(book); 
            break; 
        case OUTPUT: 
            output(book); 
            break; 
        case SORT: 
            sort(book); 
            break; 
        default: 
            printf("选择无效/n"); 
            break; 
        } 
    } 
 
} 
 
int main() 
{ 
    sequence book; 
    book.i = 0; 
    book.size = 0; 
    book.data = NULL; 
    execute(&book); 
    system("pause"); 
    return 0; 
}