Ubuntu安装和配置Docker-CE镜像加速

导读 Docker是一种容器化技术,它可以让你快速构建、测试和部署应用程序,并将其作为可移植、自给自足的容器,几乎可以在任何地方运行。Docker已经成为容器部署的事实标准,它是DevOps工程师及其持续集成和交付管道的必备工具。
实验环境

操作系统:Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS

LAN IP :192.168.3.22

Ubuntu安装和配置Docker-CE镜像加速

Docker是现代软件开发和DevOps持续集成和部署管道中不可或缺的一部分,大部分公司都使用容器化技术,降低服务器成本。

安装必要的系统资源库
root@linuxcool:~# apt-get update
root@linuxcool:~# apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
安装GPG证书
root@linuxcool:~# curl -fsSL https://mirrors.nwafu.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | apt-key add -

Docker服务器在国外,如果使用docker.io来安装docker会非常慢,有时候还会超时断开导致无法安装成功;所以,我这里使用的是国内“西北农林科技大学网络与教育技术中心”镜像加速,国内还有很多镜像加速站点,比如:阿里云、腾讯云、网易、清华大学等,

更新系统并安装Docker-CE
root@linuxcool:~# apt-get -y update
root@linuxcool:~# apt-get -y install docker-ce

通过以上命令安装的是docker最新版本,如果要安装docker,请继续阅读下文,

查找Docker-CE的版本

apt-cache madison docker-ce
 docker-ce | 5:19.03.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:19.03.7~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:19.03.6~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:19.03.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:19.03.4~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:19.03.3~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:19.03.2~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:19.03.1~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:19.03.0~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:18.09.9~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:18.09.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:18.09.7~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:18.09.6~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:18.09.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:18.09.4~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:18.09.3~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:18.09.2~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:18.09.1~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 5:18.09.0~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 18.06.3~ce~3-0~ubuntu | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 18.06.2~ce~3-0~ubuntu | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 18.06.1~ce~3-0~ubuntu | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 18.06.0~ce~3-0~ubuntu | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
 docker-ce | 18.03.1~ce~3-0~ubuntu | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages

安装指定版本的Docker-CE,比如要安装19.03.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic

root@linuxcool:~# apt-get -y install docker-ce=19.03.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic
安装校验
root@linuxcool:~# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           19.03.8
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.12.17
 Git commit:        afacb8b7f0
 Built:             Wed Mar 11 01:25:46 2020
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          19.03.8
  API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.12.17
  Git commit:       afacb8b7f0
  Built:            Wed Mar 11 01:24:19 2020
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.2.13
  GitCommit:        7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.0-rc10
  GitCommit:        dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.18.0
  GitCommit:        fec3683
配置镜像加速

创建daemon.json配置文件

root@linuxcool:~# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://dockerhub.mirrors.nwafu.edu.cn/"]
}

默认daemon.json文件不存在,如果daemon.json文件不存在,自己创建

加载配置,重启docker服务
root@linuxcool:~# systemctl daemon-reload
root@linuxcool:~# systemctl restart docker
验证镜像加速是否配置生效
root@linuxcool:~# docker info 
Client:
 Debug Mode: false

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 0
 Server Version: 19.03.8
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: 
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc version: dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 init version: fec3683
 Security Options:
  apparmor
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 5.3.0-51-generic
 Operating System: Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 8
 Total Memory: 15.64GiB
 Name: linuxcool
 ID: K252:G32L:GWWN:J5FE:3MFZ:2ITG:UE7Y:Y26F:QT3Q:2PLS:HCUX:PJYZ
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:
  https://dockerhub.mirrors.nwafu.edu.cn/
 Live Restore Enabled: false

WARNING: No swap limit support

Registry Mirrors默认是docker.io,如果看到Registry Mirrors变https://dockerhub.mirrors.nwafu.edu.cn说明配置已经生效。

docker服务管理
#自启服务
root@linuxcool:~# systemctl enable docker.service
#服务状态
root@linuxcool:~# systemctl status docker.service
#启动服务
root@linuxcool:~# systemctl start docker.service
#重启服务
root@linuxcool:~# systemctl restart docker.service
#停止服务
root@linuxcool:~# systemctl stop docker.service
拉取镜像
root@linuxcool:~# docker pull centos:8.1.1911
8.1.1911: Pulling from library/centos
8a29a15cefae: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:fe8d824220415eed5477b63addf40fb06c3b049404242b31982106ac204f6700
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:8.1.1911
docker.io/library/centos:8.1.1911

原创文章,作者:ItWorker,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/123527.html

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