在爬取网页的时候，有的网站会有反爬虫措施，导致服务器请求拒接，可以使用代理IP来访问，解决请求拒绝的问题
代理IP分 透明代理、匿名代理、混淆代理、高匿代理
1、透明代理(Transparent Proxy)：透明代理虽然可以“隐藏”IP地址，但是还是可以从HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR来查到IP
REMOTE_ADDR = Proxy IP
HTTP_VIA = Proxy IP
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = Your IP
2、匿名代理(Anonymous Proxy)：匿名代理比透明代理进步了一点：别人只能知道你用了代理，无法知道你是谁
REMOTE_ADDR = proxy IP
HTTP_VIA = proxy IP
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = proxy IP
3、混淆代理(Distorting Proxies)：如果使用了混淆代理，别人还是能知道你在用代理，但是会得到一个假的IP地址，伪装的更逼真
REMOTE_ADDR = Proxy IP
HTTP_VIA = Proxy IP
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = Random IP address
4、高匿代理(Elite proxy或High Anonymity Proxy)：高匿代理让别人根本无法发现你是在用代理
REMOTE_ADDR = Proxy IP
HTTP_VIA = not determined
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = not determined
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpHost; import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig; import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; import org.junit.Test; /** * @author test * @Title: JunitHttpClient * @ProjectName JunitHttpClient * @Description: TODO * @date 2018/12/1216:07 */ public class JunitHttpClient { @Test public void test()throws Exception{ // 创建httpget实例 HttpGet httpGet=new HttpGet("https://www.****.com"); CloseableHttpClient client = setProxy(httpGet, "192.168.1.1", 8888); //设置请求头消息 httpGet.setHeader("User-Agent","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.110 Safari/537.36"); // 执行http get请求 也可以使用psot CloseableHttpResponse response=client.execute(httpGet); // 获取返回实体 if (response != null){ HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); if (entity != null){ System.out.println("网页内容为:"+ EntityUtils.toString(entity,"utf-8")); } } //关闭response response.close(); //关闭httpClient client.close(); } /** * 设置代理 * @param httpGet * @param proxyIp * @param proxyPort * @return */ public CloseableHttpClient setProxy(HttpGet httpGet,String proxyIp,int proxyPort){ // 创建httpClient实例 CloseableHttpClient httpClient= HttpClients.createDefault(); //设置代理IP、端口 HttpHost proxy=new HttpHost(proxyIp,proxyPort,"http"); //也可以设置超时时间 RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setProxy(proxy).setConnectTimeout(3000).setSocketTimeout(3000).setConnectionRequestTimeout(3000).build(); RequestConfig requestConfig=RequestConfig.custom().setProxy(proxy).build(); httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig); return httpClient; } }
原创文章，作者：Maggie-Hunter，如若转载，请注明出处：https://blog.ytso.com/17587.html