Spring Gateway 异常统一拦截返回JSON数据

简介

Spring Cloud Gateway中的全局异常处理不能直接用@ControllerAdvice来处理，通过跟踪异常信息的抛出，找到对应的源码，自定义一些处理逻辑来符合业务的需求。

网关都是给接口做代理转发的，后端对应的都是REST API，返回数据格式都是JSON。如果不做处理，当发生异常时，Gateway默认给出的错误信息是页面，不方便前端进行异常处理。

需要对异常信息进行处理，返回JSON格式的数据给客户端。下面先看实现的代码，后面再跟大家讲下需要注意的地方。

Spring Gateway全局处理

1.添加错误处理类

import java.util.Map;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ResourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.error.DefaultErrorWebExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.boot.web.error.ErrorAttributeOptions;
import org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.error.ErrorAttributes;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.RequestPredicates;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.RouterFunction;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.RouterFunctions;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerRequest;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerResponse;

/**
 * 自定义异常处理
 *
 * <p>异常时用JSON代替HTML异常信息<p>
 *
 * @author leftso
 *
 */
public class JsonExceptionHandler extends DefaultErrorWebExceptionHandler {

    public JsonExceptionHandler(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes, ResourceProperties resourceProperties,
                                ErrorProperties errorProperties, ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        super(errorAttributes, resourceProperties, errorProperties, applicationContext);
    }

    /**
     * 获取异常属性
     */
    @Override
    protected Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(ServerRequest request,ErrorAttributeOptions options) {
        int code = 888;
        Throwable error = super.getError(request);
        return response(code, this.buildMessage(request, error));
    }

    /**
     * 指定响应处理方法为JSON处理的方法
     * @param errorAttributes
     */
    @Override
    protected RouterFunction<ServerResponse> getRoutingFunction(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {
        return RouterFunctions.route(RequestPredicates.all(), this::renderErrorResponse);
    }

    /**
     * 根据code获取对应的HttpStatus
     * @param errorAttributes
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    protected int getHttpStatus(Map<String, Object> errorAttributes) {
        //注意这里必须返回HTTP代码200否则无法显示错误信息
        return 200;
    }

    /**
     * 构建异常信息
     * @param request
     * @param ex
     * @return
     */
    private String buildMessage(ServerRequest request, Throwable ex) {
        StringBuffer message = new StringBuffer("Failed to handle request [");
        message.append(request.methodName());
        message.append(" ");
        message.append(request.uri());
        message.append("]");
        if (ex != null) {
            message.append(": ");
            message.append(ex.getMessage());
        }
        return message.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 构建返回的JSON数据格式
     * @param status        状态码
     * @param errorMessage  异常信息
     * @return
     */
    public static Map<String, Object> response(int status, String errorMessage) {
        Result<Object> fail = Result.fail(status, errorMessage);
        JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(JSON.toJSONString(fail));
        return jsonObject;
    }

}

注意事项

• getHttpStatus(Map<String, Object> errorAttributes)  这个方法的返回值必须是200，其他错误代码会导致后面的json数据不输出，因为走了其他状态码的处理器，为了统一，这里就200，错误信息通过返回对象进行传递。

 

• response(int status, String errorMessage)方法中的Result为自定义的API通用返回类，可以根据自己情况处理，这里主要就是返回一个map，到时候输出JSON内容就是这个map的值

2.配置启用全局异常处理器
 

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;

import com.glj.gateway.handler.JsonExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectProvider;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ResourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ServerProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.error.ErrorAttributes;
import org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.error.ErrorWebExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.http.codec.ServerCodecConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.view.ViewResolver;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * 覆盖默认的异常处理
 *
 * @author leftso
 *
 */
@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties({ServerProperties.class, ResourceProperties.class})
public class ErrorHandlerConfiguration {

    private final ServerProperties serverProperties;

    private final ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;

    private final List<ViewResolver> viewResolvers;

//    private final ServerCodecConfigurer serverCodecConfigurer;

    @Resource
    ServerCodecConfigurer serverCodecConfigurer;

    public ErrorHandlerConfiguration(ServerProperties serverProperties,
                                     ResourceProperties resourceProperties,
                                     ObjectProvider<List<ViewResolver>> viewResolversProvider,
//                                     ServerCodecConfigurer serverCodecConfigurer,
                                     ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        this.serverProperties = serverProperties;
        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
        this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
        this.viewResolvers = viewResolversProvider.getIfAvailable(Collections::emptyList);
//        this.serverCodecConfigurer = serverCodecConfigurer;
    }

    @Resource
    ErrorAttributes errorAttributes;

    @Bean
    @Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
    public ErrorWebExceptionHandler errorWebExceptionHandler() {
        JsonExceptionHandler exceptionHandler = new JsonExceptionHandler(
                errorAttributes,
                this.resourceProperties,
                this.serverProperties.getError(),
                this.applicationContext);
        exceptionHandler.setViewResolvers(this.viewResolvers);
        exceptionHandler.setMessageWriters(this.serverCodecConfigurer.getWriters());
        exceptionHandler.setMessageReaders(this.serverCodecConfigurer.getReaders());
        return exceptionHandler;
    }
}

搞定收工。。