yum是一个在Fedora和RedHat以及SUSE中的Shell前端软件包管理器。
基於RPM包管理,能够从指定的服务器自动下载RPM包并且安装,可以自动处理依赖性关系,并且一次安装所有依赖的软体包,无须繁琐地一次次下载、安装。
yum提供了查找、安装、删除某一个、一组甚至全部软件包的命令,而且命令简洁而又好记。
yum 语法
yum [options] [command] [package …]
options:可选,选项包括-h(帮助),-y(当安装过程提示选择全部为”yes”),-q(不显示安装的过程)等等。
command:要进行的操作。
package操作的对象。
yum常用命令
1.列出所有可更新的软件清单命令:yum check-update
2.更新所有软件命令:yum update
3.仅安装指定的软件命令:yum install <package_name>
4.仅更新指定的软件命令:yum update <package_name>
5.列出所有可安�的软件清单命令:yum list
6.删除软件包命令:yum remove <package_name>
7.查找软件包 命令:yum search <keyword>
8.清除缓存命令:
yum clean packages: 清除缓存目录下的软件包
yum clean headers: 清除缓存目录下的 headers
yum clean oldheaders: 清除缓存目录下旧的 headers
yum clean, yum clean all (= yum clean packages; yum clean oldheaders) :清除缓存目录下的软件包及旧的headers
1.实例一:安装 pam-devel
[
[email protected] ~]# yum install pam-devel
Setting up Install Process
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies <==先检查软件的属性相依问题
–> Running transaction check
—> Package pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be updated
–> Processing Dependency: pam = 0.99.6.2-4.el5 for package: pam-devel
–> Running transaction check
—> Package pam.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be updated
filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 1.6 MB 00:05
filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 138 kB 00:00
-> Finished Dependency Resolution
2.实例二:移除 pam-devel
[
[email protected] ~]# yum remove pam-devel
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies <==同样的,先解决属性相依的问题
–> Running transaction check
—> Package pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be erased
–> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================
Removing:
pam-devel i386 0.99.6.2-4.el5 installed 495 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install 0 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 1 Package(s) <==还好,并没有属性相依的问题,单纯移除一个软件
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Erasing : pam-devel ######################### [1/1]
Removed: pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5
Complete!
3.实例三:利用 yum 的功能,找出以 pam 为开头的软件名称有哪些?
[
[email protected] ~]# yum list pam*
Installed Packages
pam.i386 0.99.6.2-3.27.el5 installed
pam_ccreds.i386 3-5 installed
pam_krb5.i386 2.2.14-1 installed
pam_passwdqc.i386 1.0.2-1.2.2 installed
pam_pkcs11.i386 0.5.3-23 installed
pam_smb.i386 1.1.7-7.2.1 installed
Available Packages <==底下则是『可升级』的或『未安装』的
pam.i386 0.99.6.2-4.el5 base
pam-devel.i386 0.99.6.2-4.el5 base
pam_krb5.i386 2.2.14-10 base
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原创文章,作者:奋斗,如若转载,请注明出处:https://blog.ytso.com/7003.html